PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Amongst the range of bioprinting technologies currently available, bioprinting by material extrusion is gaining increasing popularity due to accessibility, low cost, and the absence of energy sources, such as lasers, which may significantly damage the cells. New applications of extrusion-based bioprinting are systematically emerging in the biomedical field in relation to tissue and organ fabrication. Extrusion-based bioprinting presents a series of specific challenges in relation to achievable resolutions, accuracy and speed. Resolution and accuracy in particular are of paramount importance for the realization of microstructures (for example, vascularization) within tissues and organs. Another major theme of research is cell survival and functional preservation, as extruded bioinks have cells subjected to considerable shear stresses as they travel through the extrusion apparatus. Here, an overview of the main available extrusion-based printing technologies and related families of bioprinting materials (bioinks) is provided. The main challenges related to achieving resolution and accuracy whilst assuring cell viability and function are discussed in relation to specific application contexts in the field of tissue and organ fabrication.
摘要：
在目前可用的生物打印技术范围中，由于可访问性，通过材料挤压的生物打印越来越受欢迎，低成本,缺乏能源，比如激光，这可能会严重损害细胞。基于挤出的生物打印的新应用在与组织和器官制造有关的生物医学领域中正在系统地出现。基于挤出的生物打印在可实现的解决方案方面提出了一系列具体挑战，精度和速度。尤其是分辨率和准确性对于实现微结构至关重要（例如，血管化）在组织和器官内。研究的另一个主要主题是细胞存活和功能保存，因为挤出的生物墨水使细胞在通过挤出设备时经受相当大的剪切应力。这里,提供了主要可用的基于挤出的印刷技术和相关的生物打印材料（生物墨水）家族的概述。与组织和器官制造领域中的特定应用背景有关，讨论了在确保细胞活力和功能的同时实现分辨率和准确性的主要挑战。
