PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Introduction The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that ∼ 32 million children worldwide are affected by hearing loss (HL). Cochlear implant is the first-line treatment for severe to profound sensorineural HL. It is considered one of the most successful prostheses developed to date. Objective To evaluate the oral language development of pediatric patients with prelingual deafness implanted in a reference hospital for the treatment of HL in southern Brazil. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study with a review of medical records of patients undergoing cochlear implant surgery between January 2009 and December 2018. Language development was assessed by reviewing consultations with speech therapy professionals from the cochlear implant group. Results A total of 152 children were included in the study. The mean age at cochlear implant surgery was of 41 months (standard deviation [SD]: ± 15). The patients were divided into six groups considering the type of language most used in their daily lives. We found that 36% of children use oral language as their primary form of communication. In a subanalysis, we observed that patients with developed or developing oral language had undergone cochlear implant surgery earlier than patients using Brazilian Sign Language (Língua Brasileira de Sinais, LIBRAS, in Portuguese) or those without developed language. Conclusion The cochlear implant is a state-of-the-art technology that enables the re-establishment of the sense of hearing and the development of oral language. However, language development is a complex process known to present a critical period to properly occur. We still see many patients receiving late diagnosis and treatment, which implies a delay and, often, the impossibility of developing oral communication. Level of Evidence Level 3 (cohort study).
摘要：
世界卫生组织（WHO）估计，全球约3200万儿童受到听力损失（HL）的影响。人工耳蜗是严重至严重的感觉神经性HL的一线治疗方法。它被认为是迄今为止开发的最成功的假体之一。目的评估巴西南部某参考医院治疗HL的舌前耳聋患儿的口语发育情况。方法我们进行了一项回顾性队列研究，回顾了2009年1月至2018年12月接受人工耳蜗植入手术患者的病历。通过与耳蜗植入物组的言语治疗专业人员进行的咨询来评估语言发展。结果共纳入152名儿童。人工耳蜗植入手术的平均年龄为41个月(标准偏差[SD]:±15)。考虑到日常生活中最常用的语言类型，将患者分为六组。我们发现，36％的儿童使用口头语言作为他们的主要沟通方式。在子分析中，我们观察到，口头语言发达或发展的患者比使用巴西手语的患者更早接受了人工耳蜗植入手术（LínguaBrasileiradeSinais，LIBRAS,葡萄牙语）或没有发达语言的语言。结论人工耳蜗是一种先进的技术，可以重建听觉和发展口语。然而,语言发展是一个复杂的过程，众所周知，这是一个正确发生的关键时期。我们仍然看到许多患者接受晚期诊断和治疗，这意味着延迟，经常,无法发展口头交流。证据水平3级（队列研究）。
