PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The influenza virus poses a global health burden. Currently, an annual vaccine is used to reduce influenza virus-associated morbidity and mortality. Most influenza vaccines have been developed to elicit neutralizing Abs against influenza virus. These Abs primarily target immunodominant epitopes derived from hemagglutinin (HA) or neuraminidase (NA) of the influenza virus incorporated in vaccines. However, HA and NA are highly variable proteins that are prone to antigenic changes, which can reduce vaccine efficacy. Therefore, it is essential to develop universal vaccines that target immunodominant epitopes derived from conserved regions of the influenza virus, enabling cross-protection among different virus variants. The internal proteins of the influenza virus serve as ideal targets for universal vaccines. These internal proteins are presented by MHC class I molecules on Ag-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells, and recognized by CD8 T cells, which elicit CD8 T cell responses, reducing the likelihood of disease and influenza viral spread by inducing virus-infected cell apoptosis. In this review, we highlight the importance of CD8 T cell-mediated immunity against influenza viruses and that of viral epitopes for developing CD8 T cell-based influenza vaccines.
摘要：
流感病毒构成了全球健康负担。目前,每年使用疫苗来降低与流感病毒相关的发病率和死亡率.已经开发了大多数流感疫苗以引发针对流感病毒的中和Ab。这些Ab主要靶向来源于并入疫苗中的流感病毒的血凝素(HA)或神经氨酸酶(NA)的免疫显性表位。然而,HA和NA是高度可变的蛋白质，容易发生抗原变化，这会降低疫苗的效力。因此,必须开发针对流感病毒保守区免疫显性表位的通用疫苗，实现不同病毒变种之间的交叉保护。流感病毒的内部蛋白是通用疫苗的理想靶标。这些内部蛋白由抗原提呈细胞上的MHCI类分子，如树突状细胞，并被CD8T细胞识别，引发CD8T细胞反应，通过诱导病毒感染的细胞凋亡来降低疾病和流感病毒传播的可能性。在这次审查中,我们强调了CD8T细胞介导的抗流感病毒免疫和病毒表位对开发CD8T细胞流感疫苗的重要性.
