Abstract：
Background: Prolidase is a manganese (Mn)-dependent cytosolic exopeptidase that degrades imidodipeptides with C-terminal proline or hydroxyproline. Prolidase recycling from imidodipeptides plays a critical role in collagen resynthesis and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling. Following an increase in gonadotropins, ovarian and follicular collagen undergo substantial degradation. Abnormal ovarian ECM composition is associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study aimed to examine prolidase activity in the serum and follicular fluid (FF) of women undergoing in vitro fertilisation/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) treatment, comparing those with PCOS to those with normal ovarian function.Methods: This prospective study enrolled 50 participants, of whom 44 were included. PCOS diagnosis followed the Rotterdam consensus criteria, with 20 patients constituting the study group. The control group comprised 24 individuals with mild-to-moderate male infertility. Prolidase enzyme activity in serum and FF was measured using the Chinard reagent via spectrophotometric analysis and compared between the groups.Results: Serum and FF prolidase levels were significantly lower in patients with PCOS (p < 0.05). A direct correlation was observed between serum and FF prolidase levels (p < 0.05). Although blastocyst quality scoring (BQS) significantly decreased in PCOS patients, no statistical difference was observed in the clinical pregnancy rate between the groups (p < 0.05) (p > 0.05). A negative correlation existed between serum prolidase levels and total antral follicle (AF) count (p < 0.05). Conversely, both serum and FF prolidase levels positively correlated with BQS (r = 0.574)(p < 0.05) (r = 0.650)(p < 0.05).Conclusions: Patients with PCOS showed lower serum and FF prolidase levels, indicating abnormal degradation of ovarian and follicular collagen, potentially causing anovulation.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most prevalent endocrinopathy among reproductive-aged women, affects approximately 3–15% of this demographic. Long-term disorders such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and infertility are commonly associated with PCOS, with approximately 70% of affected women experiencing infertility. Although the aetiology of PCOS remains unclear, complex multigenic disorders and environmental factors such as abnormal ovarian extracellular matrix composition, disruption of the inflammatory pathway, and lifestyle factors have been found to be related.This study addresses the aetiology of PCOS, focusing on the close association between abnormal ovarian extracellular matrix composition and the syndrome, as seen in previous reports. Prolidase is a manganese-dependent cytosolic exopeptidase that degrades imidodipeptides using the C-terminal proline or hydroxyproline. Proline recycling from imidodipeptides by prolidase plays a critical role in the resynthesis of collagen and remodelling of the extracellular matrix. Our aim was to evaluate prolidase activity in the serum and follicular fluid of women diagnosed with PCOS. Our findings revealed a direct correlation between serum and follicular fluid prolidase levels, both of which were diminished in women with PCOS. Furthermore, a negative correlation was observed between serum prolidase levels and total antral follicle count indicating a potential link between prolidase activity and ovarian follicle development. In contrast, both serum and follicular fluid prolidase levels were positively correlated with blastocyst quality. In conclusion, PCOS patients showed lower serum and follicular fluid prolidase levels, indicating abnormal degradation of ovarian and follicular collagen, and potentially causing anovulation. Future studies measuring manganese levels in larger numbers of participants are required.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most prevalent endocrinopathy among reproductive-aged women, affects approximately 3–15% of this demographic. Long-term disorders such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and infertility are commonly associated with PCOS, with approximately 70% of affected women experiencing infertility. Although the aetiology of PCOS remains unclear, complex multigenic disorders and environmental factors such as abnormal ovarian extracellular matrix composition, disruption of the inflammatory pathway, and lifestyle factors have been found to be related.This study addresses the aetiology of PCOS, focusing on the close association between abnormal ovarian extracellular matrix composition and the syndrome, as seen in previous reports. Prolidase is a manganese-dependent cytosolic exopeptidase that degrades imidodipeptides using the C-terminal proline or hydroxyproline. Proline recycling from imidodipeptides by prolidase plays a critical role in the resynthesis of collagen and remodelling of the extracellular matrix. Our aim was to evaluate prolidase activity in the serum and follicular fluid of women diagnosed with PCOS. Our findings revealed a direct correlation between serum and follicular fluid prolidase levels, both of which were diminished in women with PCOS. Furthermore, a negative correlation was observed between serum prolidase levels and total antral follicle count indicating a potential link between prolidase activity and ovarian follicle development. In contrast, both serum and follicular fluid prolidase levels were positively correlated with blastocyst quality. In conclusion, PCOS patients showed lower serum and follicular fluid prolidase levels, indicating abnormal degradation of ovarian and follicular collagen, and potentially causing anovulation. Future studies measuring manganese levels in larger numbers of participants are required.
摘要：
背景：Prolidase是一种锰（Mn）依赖性胞质外肽酶，可降解具有C端脯氨酸或羟脯氨酸的亚氨基二肽。从亚氨基二肽回收的Prolidase在胶原蛋白再合成和细胞外基质（ECM）重塑中起着至关重要的作用。随着促性腺激素的增加，卵巢和卵泡胶原经历大量降解。卵巢ECM组成异常与多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）有关。这项研究旨在检查接受体外受精/卵胞浆内单精子注射（IVF/ICSI）治疗的女性的血清和卵泡液（FF）中的脯氨酸酶活性，将PCOS患者与卵巢功能正常的患者进行比较。方法：这项前瞻性研究招募了50名参与者，其中44人被包括在内。PCOS诊断遵循鹿特丹共识标准，20名患者组成研究组。对照组包括24名轻度至中度男性不育症患者。使用Chinard试剂通过分光光度分析测量血清和FF中的脯氨酸酶活性，并在两组之间进行比较。结果:PCOS患者血清和FF脯氨酸酶水平显著降低(p<0.05)。在血清和FF蛋白酶水平之间观察到直接相关(p<0.05)。尽管PCOS患者的囊胚质量评分（BQS）显著降低，两组间临床妊娠率无统计学差异(p<0.05)(p>0.05)。血清脯氨酸酶水平与总窦卵泡（AF）计数呈负相关（p<0.05）。相反，血清和FF蛋白酶水平均与BQS呈正相关(r=0.574)(p<0.05)(r=0.650)(p<0.05)。结论：PCOS患者的血清和FF蛋白酶水平较低，表明卵巢和卵泡胶原蛋白的异常降解，可能导致无排卵。
多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS),育龄妇女中最普遍的内分泌疾病，影响大约3-15%的人口。心血管疾病等长期疾病，2型糖尿病,肥胖，和不孕症通常与PCOS有关，大约70%的受影响女性经历不孕症。尽管PCOS的病因尚不清楚，复杂的多基因疾病和环境因素，如卵巢细胞外基质组成异常，炎症途径的破坏，和生活方式因素相关。这项研究探讨了PCOS的病因，关注卵巢细胞外基质成分异常与综合征之间的密切关系，从以前的报告中可以看出。Prolidase是一种依赖锰的胞质外肽酶，使用C端脯氨酸或羟脯氨酸降解亚氨基二肽。通过脯氨酸酶从亚氨基二肽中回收脯氨酸在胶原蛋白的再合成和细胞外基质的重塑中起着至关重要的作用。我们的目的是评估诊断为PCOS的女性的血清和卵泡液中的脯氨酸酶活性。我们的发现揭示了血清和卵泡液脯氨酸酶水平之间的直接相关性，在患有PCOS的女性中，两者均减少。此外，在血清脯氨酸酶水平和整个窦卵泡计数之间观察到负相关,这表明脯氨酸酶活性和卵泡发育之间存在潜在的联系.相比之下,血清和卵泡液脯氨酸酶水平均与囊胚质量呈正相关。总之,PCOS患者的血清和卵泡液脯氨酸酶水平较低，表明卵巢和卵泡胶原蛋白的异常降解，并可能导致无排卵。未来的研究需要测量更多参与者的锰水平。
多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS),育龄妇女中最普遍的内分泌疾病，影响大约3-15%的人口。心血管疾病等长期疾病，2型糖尿病,肥胖，和不孕症通常与PCOS有关，大约70%的受影响女性经历不孕症。尽管PCOS的病因尚不清楚，复杂的多基因疾病和环境因素，如卵巢细胞外基质组成异常，炎症途径的破坏，和生活方式因素相关。这项研究探讨了PCOS的病因，关注卵巢细胞外基质成分异常与综合征之间的密切关系，从以前的报告中可以看出。Prolidase是一种依赖锰的胞质外肽酶，使用C端脯氨酸或羟脯氨酸降解亚氨基二肽。通过脯氨酸酶从亚氨基二肽中回收脯氨酸在胶原蛋白的再合成和细胞外基质的重塑中起着至关重要的作用。我们的目的是评估诊断为PCOS的女性的血清和卵泡液中的脯氨酸酶活性。我们的发现揭示了血清和卵泡液脯氨酸酶水平之间的直接相关性，在患有PCOS的女性中，两者均减少。此外，在血清脯氨酸酶水平和整个窦卵泡计数之间观察到负相关,这表明脯氨酸酶活性和卵泡发育之间存在潜在的联系.相比之下,血清和卵泡液脯氨酸酶水平均与囊胚质量呈正相关。总之,PCOS患者的血清和卵泡液脯氨酸酶水平较低，表明卵巢和卵泡胶原蛋白的异常降解，并可能导致无排卵。未来的研究需要测量更多参与者的锰水平。
