Abstract：
The challenges posed by unsustainable practices in today\'s economy underscore the urgent need for a transition toward a circular economy (CE) and a holistic supply chain (SC) perspective. Benchmarking plays a pivotal role in managing circular SCs, offering a metric to gauge progress. However, the lack of consensus on the optimal benchmarking approach hampers effective implementation of circular business practices. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review of the literature, identifying 29 pertinent publications. The analysis revealed 30 unique attributes and sub-attributes for benchmarking circularity, which were clustered into five main attributes. The main attributes are goals, subjects, key performance indicators (KPIs), data sources, and evaluation methods, while the sub-attributes are organised as features of the main attributes and depicted as a feature model. Drawing from selected publications, we illustrated each feature with examples. Our model offers a comprehensive benchmarking reference for circularity and will be a valuable tool for managers in the transition toward circularity. Supply chains seeking to benchmark their transition to circularity can apply the reference model to ensure that their benchmarking strategy is consistent with state-of-the-art knowledge. By providing a generic circularity benchmarking approach that is valid for diverse economic sectors, our findings contribute to theoretical efforts to address the lack of generic frameworks for CE.
摘要：
当今经济中不可持续的做法所带来的挑战强调了向循环经济（CE）和整体供应链（SC）观点过渡的迫切需要。基准在管理圆形SCs中起着关键作用，提供度量来衡量进度。然而,对最佳基准方法缺乏共识，阻碍了循环商业实践的有效实施。为了解决这个差距，我们对文献进行了系统的回顾，确定29个相关出版物。分析揭示了基准循环性的30个独特属性和子属性，它们被分为五个主要属性。主要属性是目标，主题,关键绩效指标(KPI)，数据源,和评估方法，而子属性被组织为主要属性的特征并被描述为特征模型。从选定的出版物中提取，我们用例子说明了每个功能。我们的模型为循环性提供了全面的基准参考，将成为管理者向循环性过渡的宝贵工具。寻求基准向循环性过渡的供应链可以应用参考模型，以确保其基准策略与最新知识一致。通过提供对不同经济部门有效的通用循环基准方法，我们的发现有助于解决CE缺乏通用框架的理论努力。
