Abstract：
Metal nanoparticles offer promising prospects in agriculture, enhancing plant growth and ensuring food security. Silver, gold, copper, and zinc nanoparticles possess unique properties making them attractive for plant applications. Understanding molecular interactions between metal nanoparticles and plants is crucial for unlocking their potential to boost crop productivity and sustainability. This review explores metal nanoparticles in agriculture, emphasizing the need to understand these interactions. By elucidating mechanisms, it highlights the potential for enhancing crop productivity, stress tolerance, and nutrient-use efficiency, contributing to sustainable agriculture and food security. Quantifying benefits and risks reveal significant advantages. Metal nanoparticles enhance crop productivity by 20% on average and reduce disease incidence by up to 50% when used as antimicrobial agents. They also reduce nutrient leaching by 30% and enhance soil carbon sequestration by 15%, but concerns about toxicity, adverse effects on non-target organisms, and nanoparticle accumulation in the food chain must be addressed. Metal nanoparticles influence cellular processes including sensing, signaling, transcription, translation, and post-translational modifications. They act as signaling molecules, activate stress-responsive genes, enhance defense mechanisms, and improve nutrient uptake. The review explores their catalytic role in nutrient management, disease control, precision agriculture, nano-fertilizers, and nano-remediation. A bibliometric analysis offers insights into the current research landscape, highlighting trends, gaps, and future directions. In conclusion, metal nanoparticles hold potential for revolutionizing agriculture, enhancing productivity, mitigating environmental stressors, and promoting sustainability. Addressing risks and gaps is crucial for their safe integration into agricultural practices.
摘要：
金属纳米颗粒在农业领域提供了有希望的前景，促进植物生长，确保粮食安全。银色,黄金,铜，和锌纳米颗粒具有独特的特性，使其对植物应用具有吸引力。了解金属纳米粒子和植物之间的分子相互作用对于释放它们提高作物生产力和可持续性的潜力至关重要。这篇综述探讨了金属纳米粒子在农业中的应用，强调需要了解这些相互作用。通过阐明机制，它强调了提高作物生产力的潜力，应力耐受性，和营养利用效率，促进可持续农业和粮食安全。量化收益和风险揭示了显著的优势。当金属纳米颗粒用作抗菌剂时，平均可将作物生产率提高20％，并将疾病发生率降低多达50％。它们还将养分淋失减少30%，并将土壤碳固存提高15%，但是担心毒性，对非靶标生物的不利影响，必须解决食物链中的纳米颗粒积累问题。金属纳米颗粒影响细胞过程，包括传感，信令,转录,翻译,和翻译后修饰。它们充当信号分子，激活应激反应基因，加强防御机制，并提高营养吸收。这篇综述探讨了它们在养分管理中的催化作用，疾病控制,精准农业,纳米肥料，和纳米修复。文献计量分析提供了对当前研究环境的见解，突出趋势，间隙,和未来的方向。总之,金属纳米粒子具有农业革命的潜力，提高生产力，缓解环境压力，促进可持续性。解决风险和差距对于将其安全纳入农业实践至关重要。
