Abstract：
Gelidium sesquipedale is valued in the Spanish agar industry, but its production generates substantial waste, often discarded despite its nutritional and bioactive content. Subcritical water extraction (SWE) at 175 °C and 50 bar for 130 min was performed on this waste after agar extraction, comparing it to conventional ethanol extraction. The SWE extract exhibited superior nutritional profile, including proteins (170.6 ± 1.0 mg/gfreeze-dried-extract), essential amino acids (18.1%), carbohydrates (148.1 ± 0.3 mg/gfreeze-dried-extract), total phenolic content (57 ± 7 mg-EqGA/gfreeze-dried-extract), and also containing Maillard reaction compounds, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, 2-furanmethanol, 1-(2-furanyl)-ethanone, and 5-methyl-2-furfural, influencing color, aroma and flavor. This extract showed better antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties than the conventional extract, and higher xanthine oxidase, tyrosinase, and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities. Toxicological assessment on human cells indicated the safety of the SWE extract. Therefore, SWE technology offers a promising method to valorize G. sesquipedale residue, yielding a bioactive and nutrient-rich extract suitable for food and nutraceutical applications.
摘要：
Gelidiumsesquipedale在西班牙琼脂行业中很有价值，但是它的生产产生了大量的浪费，尽管它的营养和生物活性含量经常被丢弃。琼脂提取后，对该废物在175°C和50bar下进行亚临界水提取（SWE）130分钟，将其与常规乙醇提取进行比较。SWE提取物表现出优越的营养概况，包括蛋白质（170.6±1.0毫克/份冻干提取物），必需氨基酸（18.1%），碳水化合物（148.1±0.3毫克/冻干提取物），总酚含量（57±7mg-EqGA/grozure-dried-extract），还含有美拉德反应化合物，如5-羟甲基糠醛，糠醛,2-呋喃甲醇,1-(2-呋喃基)-乙酮,和5-甲基-2-糠醛，影响颜色，香气和味道。这种提取物比常规提取物表现出更好的抗氧化和抗炎特性，和高级黄嘌呤氧化酶，酪氨酸酶,和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性。对人类细胞的毒理学评估表明SWE提取物的安全性。因此,SWE技术提供了一种有前途的方法来使G.esquipedale残留物增值，产生适用于食品和营养食品应用的生物活性和营养丰富的提取物。
