Abstract：
BACKGROUND: T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are a subdivision of T helper cells involved in antigen-specific B cell immunity. Tfh cells play an essential role in the interaction of T cells/B cells in the germinal centers (GC), and dysregulation of Tfh actions can offer pathogenic autoantibody formation and lead to the development of autoimmune diseases. This study seeks to evaluate changes in Tfh frequency and its related cytokines in autoimmune disease, its association with disease phase, severity, prognosis, and the effect of immunosuppressive treatment on the Tfh population.
METHODS: The study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 Statement. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, were systematically searched for potentially eligible studies up to January 1, 2024.
RESULTS: We identified 4998 articles in the initial search, from which 1686 similar titles were removed. A total of 3312 articles were initially screened, and 3051 articles were excluded by title/abstract screening. A total of 261 studies were considered for full-text assessment, and 205 articles were excluded by reason. Finally, a total of 56 studies were included in our review.
CONCLUSIONS: The population of Tfh cells is generally higher in autoimmune diseases versus Health control. Moreover, the number of Tfh cells is associated with the disease severity and can be considered for determining the prognosis of studies. Also, peripheral blood circulating Tfh (cTfh) cells are an available sample that can be used as an indicator for diagnosing diseases.
METHODS: The study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 Statement. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, were systematically searched for potentially eligible studies up to January 1, 2024.
RESULTS: We identified 4998 articles in the initial search, from which 1686 similar titles were removed. A total of 3312 articles were initially screened, and 3051 articles were excluded by title/abstract screening. A total of 261 studies were considered for full-text assessment, and 205 articles were excluded by reason. Finally, a total of 56 studies were included in our review.
CONCLUSIONS: The population of Tfh cells is generally higher in autoimmune diseases versus Health control. Moreover, the number of Tfh cells is associated with the disease severity and can be considered for determining the prognosis of studies. Also, peripheral blood circulating Tfh (cTfh) cells are an available sample that can be used as an indicator for diagnosing diseases.
摘要：
背景：滤泡辅助性T细胞（Tfh）是参与抗原特异性B细胞免疫的辅助性T细胞的细分。Tfh细胞在生发中心（GC）的T细胞/B细胞相互作用中起重要作用，Tfh作用的失调可以提供致病性自身抗体形成并导致自身免疫性疾病的发展。本研究旨在评估自身免疫性疾病中Tfh频率及其相关细胞因子的变化，它与疾病阶段的联系，严重程度,预后,以及免疫抑制治疗对Tfh人群的影响。
方法：该研究遵循了2020年系统审查和荟萃分析（PRISMA）声明的首选报告项目。电子数据库,包括PubMed,Scopus,WebofScience,和Embase,在2024年1月1日之前系统搜索潜在合格的研究。
结果：我们在最初的搜索中确定了4998篇文章，1686年类似的标题被删除。共初步筛选3312篇,通过标题/摘要筛选排除了3051篇文章。共有261项研究被考虑用于全文评估，205篇文章被排除在外。最后,共有56项研究纳入我们的综述.
结论：与健康对照相比，自身免疫性疾病中的Tfh细胞群体通常较高。此外，Tfh细胞的数量与疾病的严重程度相关，可用于确定研究的预后。此外，外周血循环Tfh(cTfh)细胞是可用作诊断疾病的指标的可用样品。
方法：该研究遵循了2020年系统审查和荟萃分析（PRISMA）声明的首选报告项目。电子数据库,包括PubMed,Scopus,WebofScience,和Embase,在2024年1月1日之前系统搜索潜在合格的研究。
结果：我们在最初的搜索中确定了4998篇文章，1686年类似的标题被删除。共初步筛选3312篇,通过标题/摘要筛选排除了3051篇文章。共有261项研究被考虑用于全文评估，205篇文章被排除在外。最后,共有56项研究纳入我们的综述.
结论：与健康对照相比，自身免疫性疾病中的Tfh细胞群体通常较高。此外，Tfh细胞的数量与疾病的严重程度相关，可用于确定研究的预后。此外，外周血循环Tfh(cTfh)细胞是可用作诊断疾病的指标的可用样品。
