PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by a multitude of psychopathological symptoms including affective, cognitive, perceptual, sensorimotor, and social. The neuronal mechanisms underlying such co-occurrence of psychopathological symptoms remain yet unclear. Rather than linking and localizing single psychopathological symptoms to specific regions or networks, this perspective proposes a more global and dynamic topographic approach. We first review recent findings on global brain activity changes during both rest and task states in MDD showing topographic reorganization with a shift from unimodal to transmodal regions. Next, we single out two candidate mechanisms that may underlie and mediate such abnormal uni-/transmodal topography, namely dynamic shifts from shorter to longer timescales and abnormalities in the excitation-inhibition balance. Finally, we show how such topographic shift from unimodal to transmodal regions relates to the various psychopathological symptoms in MDD including their co-occurrence. This amounts to what we describe as \'Topographic dynamic reorganization\' which extends our earlier \'Resting state hypothesis of depression\' and complements other models of MDD.
摘要：
重度抑郁症（MDD）的特征是许多精神病理学症状，包括情感，认知，感性的，感觉运动,和社会。这种精神病理症状共同发生的神经元机制仍不清楚。而不是将单一的精神病理症状与特定的区域或网络联系起来，这种观点提出了一种更加全局和动态的地形方法。我们首先回顾了MDD中休息和任务状态下全局大脑活动变化的最新发现，这些发现显示了地形重组，从单峰区域转变为跨模态区域。接下来,我们挑出了两个候选机制，它们可能是这种异常的单/跨模态地形的基础和调解，即从较短的时间尺度到较长的时间尺度的动态变化以及激发-抑制平衡的异常。最后,我们展示了这种从单峰区域到跨模态区域的地形转变如何与MDD的各种精神病理症状相关，包括它们的共同发生。这相当于我们所描述的“地形动态重组”，它扩展了我们早期的“抑郁的静息状态假设”，并补充了其他MDD模型。
