Abstract：
Ultrafiltration (UF) is widely used in drinking water plants, nevertheless, it still encounters challenges stemming from inevitable membrane fouling caused by natural organic matter (NOM). Herein, this work applied VUV/PS as UF membrane pretreatment and used UV/PS for comparison. VUV/PS system exhibited superior ability in removing NOM compared to UV/PS system. HO and SO4- played crucial roles in the degradation. [SO4-]ss was notably higher than [HO]ss in the systems, yet HO was of greater significance. [HO]ss and [SO4-]ss in the VUV/PS process were remarkably higher than those in the UV/PS process, due to the function of 185 nm photons. VUV/PS pretreatment basically recovered flux and effectively reduced fouling resistance, with better performance than UV/PS. Fouling mechanism was dominated by multiple mechanisms after UV/PS pretreatment, whereas it was transformed into pore blockage after VUV/PS pretreatment. Moreover, the UF effluent quality after VUV/PS pretreatment outperformed that of UV/PS but fell short of that without pretreatment, possibly due to the generation of abundant low MW substances under the action of HO and SO4-. After chlorine disinfection, UV/PS and VUV/PS pretreatments increased the DBPs production and cytotoxicity. Specifically, oxidant PS affected the membrane surface morphology and fouling behaviors, and had no obvious effect on interception performance and mechanical properties. In actual water treatment, VUV/PS and UV/PS pretreatments exhibited excellent performance in alleviating membrane fouling, improving water quality, and reducing DBPs formation and acute toxicity.
摘要：
超滤(UF)广泛应用于饮用水厂,然而，它仍然面临挑战，源于自然有机物（NOM）引起的不可避免的膜污染。在这里，这项工作应用VUV/PS作为UF膜预处理，并使用UV/PS进行比较。与UV/PS系统相比，VUV/PS系统在去除NOM方面表现出优异的能力。HO和SO4-在降解中起着至关重要的作用。[SO4-]SS在系统中明显高于[HO]SS，然而，HO的意义更大。VUV/PS工艺中的[HO]ss和[SO4-]ss显著高于UV/PS工艺,由于185nm光子的功能。VUV/PS预处理基本恢复了通量，有效降低了污垢阻力，具有比UV/PS更好的性能。UV/PS预处理后的污染机制主要由多种机制，而VUV/PS预处理后转化为孔隙堵塞。此外，VUV/PS预处理后的UF出水水质优于UV/PS，但低于未预处理的出水水质，可能是由于在HO和SO4-的作用下产生了丰富的低MW物质。氯消毒后，UV/PS和VUV/PS预处理增加了DBPs的产生和细胞毒性。具体来说,氧化剂PS影响膜表面形貌和污染行为，对截留性能和力学性能没有明显影响。在实际的水处理中,VUV/PS和UV/PS预处理在缓解膜污染方面表现出优异的性能，改善水质,并减少DBPs的形成和急性毒性。
