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Abstract：
Recent breakthroughs in discovering novel immune signaling pathways have revolutionized different disease treatments. SERPINB9 (Sb9), also known as Proteinase Inhibitor 9 (PI-9), is a well-known endogenous inhibitor of Granzyme B (GzmB). GzmB is a potent cytotoxic molecule secreted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells, which plays a crucial role in inducing apoptosis in target cells during immune responses. Sb9 acts as a protective mechanism against the potentially harmful effects of GzmB within the cells of the immune system itself. On the other hand, overexpression of Sb9 is an important mechanism of immune evasion in diseases like cancers and viral infections. The intricate functions of Sb9 in different cell types represent a fine-tuned regulatory mechanism for preventing immunopathology, protection against autoimmune diseases, and the regulation of cell death, all of which are essential for maintaining health and responding effectively to disease challenges. Dysregulation of the Sb9 will disrupt human normal physiological condition, potentially leading to a range of diseases, including cancers, inflammatory conditions, viral infections or other pathological disorders. Deepening our understanding of the role of Sb9 will aid in the discovery of innovative and effective treatments for various medical conditions. Therefore, the objective of this review is to consolidate current knowledge regarding the biological role of Sb9. It aims to offer insights into its discovery, structure, functions, distribution, its association with various diseases, and the potential of nanoparticle-based therapies targeting Sb9.
摘要：
最近在发现新的免疫信号通路方面的突破彻底改变了不同的疾病治疗方法。SERPINB9(Sb9),也称为蛋白酶抑制剂9（PI-9），是众所周知的颗粒酶B(GzmB)的内源性抑制剂。GzmB是细胞毒性T淋巴细胞和自然杀伤细胞分泌的强效细胞毒性分子,在诱导免疫反应过程中靶细胞凋亡中起着至关重要的作用。Sb9在免疫系统本身的细胞内充当针对GzmB的潜在有害作用的保护机制。另一方面,Sb9的过度表达是癌症和病毒感染等疾病中免疫逃避的重要机制。Sb9在不同细胞类型中的复杂功能代表了预防免疫病理学的微调调节机制。预防自身免疫性疾病，和细胞死亡的调节，所有这些对于保持健康和有效应对疾病挑战至关重要。Sb9的失调会破坏人类的正常生理状况，可能导致一系列疾病，包括癌症,炎症条件，病毒感染或其他病理疾病。加深我们对Sb9作用的理解将有助于发现各种医疗条件的创新和有效的治疗方法。因此,本综述的目的是巩固有关Sb9生物学作用的现有知识.它旨在提供对其发现的见解，结构,功能,分布，它与各种疾病的联系，以及靶向Sb9的纳米粒子疗法的潜力。
