PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Many people experience forms of gender-based violence and harassment (GBVH) in the context of their work. This includes a wide range of experiences, from subtle expressions of hostility to physical assault, that can also be of a sexual nature (e.g., sexual harassment or assault). This systematic review aimed to summarize findings about the prospective associations of work-related GBVH with people\'s health and occupational situation.
METHODS: We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE and PsycINFO were searched for prospective studies in English from 1990 to May 24, 2023. Studies were included if they concerned a working population, exposure to any form of GBVH in the work context, and a health outcome or manifest occupational outcome. Quality was assessed with a modified version of the Cochrane \'Tool to Assess Risk of Bias in Cohort Studies\', and studies assessed as low quality were excluded from the narrative synthesis. For the narrative synthesis, we grouped the results by similar exposures and outcomes and reported the strength and statistical significance of the associations.
RESULTS: Of the 1 937 screened records, 29 studies were included in the narrative synthesis. Studies were mainly conducted in the USA and northern Europe and investigated exposure to sexual violence or harassment (SVH). Only two included studies investigated non-sexual kinds of GBVH. Consistently, studies showed associations of work-related SVH with poor mental health and there were indications of an association with hazardous substance use. There was no consistent evidence for an association of SVH with subsequent sickness absence, and there were too few studies concerning physical health and occupational outcomes to synthesize the results.
CONCLUSIONS: There is consistent evidence of work-related SVH as a risk factor for subsequent poor mental health. There is no indication that the health consequences of SVH differ between women and men, although women are more often affected. There is a need for conceptual consistency, the consideration of non-sexual behaviors and prospective studies that test clear hypotheses about the temporal sequence of events.
METHODS: We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE and PsycINFO were searched for prospective studies in English from 1990 to May 24, 2023. Studies were included if they concerned a working population, exposure to any form of GBVH in the work context, and a health outcome or manifest occupational outcome. Quality was assessed with a modified version of the Cochrane \'Tool to Assess Risk of Bias in Cohort Studies\', and studies assessed as low quality were excluded from the narrative synthesis. For the narrative synthesis, we grouped the results by similar exposures and outcomes and reported the strength and statistical significance of the associations.
RESULTS: Of the 1 937 screened records, 29 studies were included in the narrative synthesis. Studies were mainly conducted in the USA and northern Europe and investigated exposure to sexual violence or harassment (SVH). Only two included studies investigated non-sexual kinds of GBVH. Consistently, studies showed associations of work-related SVH with poor mental health and there were indications of an association with hazardous substance use. There was no consistent evidence for an association of SVH with subsequent sickness absence, and there were too few studies concerning physical health and occupational outcomes to synthesize the results.
CONCLUSIONS: There is consistent evidence of work-related SVH as a risk factor for subsequent poor mental health. There is no indication that the health consequences of SVH differ between women and men, although women are more often affected. There is a need for conceptual consistency, the consideration of non-sexual behaviors and prospective studies that test clear hypotheses about the temporal sequence of events.
摘要：
背景：许多人在工作中经历了基于性别的暴力和骚扰（GBVH）形式。这包括广泛的经验，从敌意的微妙表达到人身攻击，也可以是性的(例如，性骚扰或性侵犯)。本系统综述旨在总结有关工作相关GBVH与人们健康和职业状况的前瞻性关联的发现。
方法：我们遵循系统评价和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目。Scopus,WebofScience,从1990年至2023年5月24日，对MEDLINE和PsycINFO进行了英语前瞻性研究。如果研究涉及工作人口，在工作环境中接触任何形式的GBVH，以及健康结果或明显的职业结果。使用Cochrane“队列研究中评估偏倚风险的工具”的修订版评估质量，被评估为低质量的研究被排除在叙事综合之外。对于叙事综合，我们根据相似的暴露量和结局对结果进行分组,并报告了相关性的强度和统计学意义.
结果：在1937条筛选记录中，29项研究包括在叙事综合中。研究主要在美国和北欧进行，调查暴露于性暴力或性骚扰（SVH）。只有两项纳入研究调查了非性别类型的GBVH。始终如一，研究显示,与工作相关的SVH与不良心理健康相关,并且有迹象表明与危险物质使用相关.没有一致的证据表明SVH与随后的疾病缺失有关，关于身体健康和职业结果的研究太少，无法综合结果。
结论：有一致的证据表明，与工作相关的SVH是随后心理健康不良的危险因素。没有迹象表明SVH的健康后果在男女之间有所不同，虽然女性更常受到影响。需要概念上的一致性，考虑非性行为和前瞻性研究，以检验有关事件时间顺序的明确假设。
方法：我们遵循系统评价和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目。Scopus,WebofScience,从1990年至2023年5月24日，对MEDLINE和PsycINFO进行了英语前瞻性研究。如果研究涉及工作人口，在工作环境中接触任何形式的GBVH，以及健康结果或明显的职业结果。使用Cochrane“队列研究中评估偏倚风险的工具”的修订版评估质量，被评估为低质量的研究被排除在叙事综合之外。对于叙事综合，我们根据相似的暴露量和结局对结果进行分组,并报告了相关性的强度和统计学意义.
结果：在1937条筛选记录中，29项研究包括在叙事综合中。研究主要在美国和北欧进行，调查暴露于性暴力或性骚扰（SVH）。只有两项纳入研究调查了非性别类型的GBVH。始终如一，研究显示,与工作相关的SVH与不良心理健康相关,并且有迹象表明与危险物质使用相关.没有一致的证据表明SVH与随后的疾病缺失有关，关于身体健康和职业结果的研究太少，无法综合结果。
结论：有一致的证据表明，与工作相关的SVH是随后心理健康不良的危险因素。没有迹象表明SVH的健康后果在男女之间有所不同，虽然女性更常受到影响。需要概念上的一致性，考虑非性行为和前瞻性研究，以检验有关事件时间顺序的明确假设。
