Abstract：
Objective: To understand the health-related quality of life for patients of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis and its main influencing factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, and 951 patients of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis from the pneumoconiosis survey in 27 provinces and autonomous regions in China from December 2017 to December 2021 were selected for the study. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney test and the Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to compare the health utility values, and multiple linear regression was used for multifactor analysis. AMOS 24.0 was used to establish a structural equation modeling. Results: The mean age of 951 patients of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis was (59.3±12.4) years. The main types were silicosis combined with tuberculosis (62.2%, 591/951) and coal-worker\'s pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis (34.9%, 332/951), and other type pneumoconiosis-combined tuberculosis was 2.9% (28/951). The proportion of patients with stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and unstaged clinical diagnosis was 27.4% (261/951), 26.6% (253/951), 32.5% (309/951) and 13.5% (128/951), respectively. 63.3% (602/951) of study participants suffered from other chronic diseases, and the percentage of patients combined the number of chronic diseases with 1, 2, and more than 3 respectively were 24.1% (229/951), 16.3% (155/951) and 22.9% (218/951). The median and quartiles of health utility values and the mean±standard deviation of self-rating scores of patients of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis were 0.562 (0.482, 0.766) and (53.7±18.4), respectively, which were lower than patients of pneumoconiosis without tuberculosis (Z=-11.29, P<0.001; t=8.97, P<0.01). The health utility values and self-rating scores for patients of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis were significantly different between urban and rural areas (Z= -2.22, P=0.027; t=4.85, P<0.01). Pain/discomfort was the most frequently reported problem in the five-dimensional distribution of problems, followed by daily activities and anxiety/depression, and the difference in the percentage reported by anxiety/depression between urban and rural areas was significant (χ(2)=30.28, P<0.01). The results of multiple linear regression showed that the survey area, body mass index, education level, age, employment status, annual personal income, stage of pneumoconiosis, number of multi-morbidities, hemoptysis, acute exacerbation of symptoms in two-week, social support and minimum living standard were the main influences on the health utility values of the patients of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis (P<0.05). The results of structural equation model showed that economic security and health status directly affected the health-related quality of life among patients of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis and played a chain-mediating effect in the influence of socioeconomic status on the health-related quality of life among patients of pneumoconiosis combined with tuberculosis. Conclusion: Health-related quality of life was poorer in patients of pneumoconiosis with tuberculosis, with pain and discomfort and anxiety/depression problems being more pronounced, and economic status and health status played multiple mediating roles in the influence of general socio-demographic characteristics on quality of life in pneumoconiosis.
目的： 了解尘肺合并肺结核患者健康相关生命质量及其主要影响因素。 方法： 2023年11月，采用横断面研究选取2017年12月至2021年12月中国27个省市自治区尘肺调查中951例尘肺合并肺结核患者为研究对象，利用非参数Mann-Whitney检验和Kruskal-Wallis H检验比较反映其健康相关生命质量的健康效用值；运用多重线性回归进行多因素分析，并采用AMOS 24.0构建结构方程模型。 结果： 尘肺合并肺结核患者平均年龄（59.3±12.4）岁；以矽肺合并肺结核（62.2%，591/951）和煤工尘肺合并肺结核（34.9%，332/951）为主，其他类型尘肺合并肺结核占2.9%（28/951），其中临床诊断壹期、贰期、叁期和未分期尘肺患者分别占27.4%（261/951）、26.6%（253/951）、32.5%（309/951）和13.5%（128/951）；63.3%（602/951）的研究对象共患其他慢性病，其中共患1种、2种、3种及以上慢性疾病者分别占24.1%（229/951）、16.3%（155/951）和22.9%（218/951）。尘肺合并肺结核患者健康效用值的中位数和四分位数以及自评分的x±s分别为0.562（0.482，0.766）和（53.7±18.4）分，均低于未合并肺结核的尘肺患者（Z= -11.29，P<0.01；t=8.97，P<0.01），且城乡之间差异有统计学意义（Z=-2.22，P=0.027；t=4.85，P<0.01）；在健康自评五维问题分布中疼痛/不适问题报告最多，其次是日常活动与焦虑/抑郁，且焦虑/抑郁报告比例在城乡间差异有统计学意义（χ(2)=30.28，P<0.01）。多重线性回归结果显示，调查地区、身体质量指数、文化水平、年龄、就业状态、个人年收入、尘肺期别、共病数量、咯血、两周内症状急性加重、社会资助以及低保是尘肺合并肺结核患者健康效用值的主要影响因素（P<0.05）。结构方程模型结果显示经济保障和健康状况直接影响尘肺合并肺结核患者的健康相关生命质量，且在人口特征影响尘肺合并肺结核患者健康相关生命质量中发挥链式中介作用。 结论： 尘肺合并肺结核患者健康相关生命质量较差，疼痛/不适以及焦虑/抑郁问题较明显，经济情况以及健康状况在一般社会人口学特征对尘肺合并肺结核生命质量的影响中起到了多重中介作用。.
目的： 了解尘肺合并肺结核患者健康相关生命质量及其主要影响因素。 方法： 2023年11月，采用横断面研究选取2017年12月至2021年12月中国27个省市自治区尘肺调查中951例尘肺合并肺结核患者为研究对象，利用非参数Mann-Whitney检验和Kruskal-Wallis H检验比较反映其健康相关生命质量的健康效用值；运用多重线性回归进行多因素分析，并采用AMOS 24.0构建结构方程模型。 结果： 尘肺合并肺结核患者平均年龄（59.3±12.4）岁；以矽肺合并肺结核（62.2%，591/951）和煤工尘肺合并肺结核（34.9%，332/951）为主，其他类型尘肺合并肺结核占2.9%（28/951），其中临床诊断壹期、贰期、叁期和未分期尘肺患者分别占27.4%（261/951）、26.6%（253/951）、32.5%（309/951）和13.5%（128/951）；63.3%（602/951）的研究对象共患其他慢性病，其中共患1种、2种、3种及以上慢性疾病者分别占24.1%（229/951）、16.3%（155/951）和22.9%（218/951）。尘肺合并肺结核患者健康效用值的中位数和四分位数以及自评分的x±s分别为0.562（0.482，0.766）和（53.7±18.4）分，均低于未合并肺结核的尘肺患者（Z= -11.29，P<0.01；t=8.97，P<0.01），且城乡之间差异有统计学意义（Z=-2.22，P=0.027；t=4.85，P<0.01）；在健康自评五维问题分布中疼痛/不适问题报告最多，其次是日常活动与焦虑/抑郁，且焦虑/抑郁报告比例在城乡间差异有统计学意义（χ(2)=30.28，P<0.01）。多重线性回归结果显示，调查地区、身体质量指数、文化水平、年龄、就业状态、个人年收入、尘肺期别、共病数量、咯血、两周内症状急性加重、社会资助以及低保是尘肺合并肺结核患者健康效用值的主要影响因素（P<0.05）。结构方程模型结果显示经济保障和健康状况直接影响尘肺合并肺结核患者的健康相关生命质量，且在人口特征影响尘肺合并肺结核患者健康相关生命质量中发挥链式中介作用。 结论： 尘肺合并肺结核患者健康相关生命质量较差，疼痛/不适以及焦虑/抑郁问题较明显，经济情况以及健康状况在一般社会人口学特征对尘肺合并肺结核生命质量的影响中起到了多重中介作用。.
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