Abstract：
Sarcoptic mange is a widely distributed disease, with numerous potential hosts among domestic and wild animals. Nowadays it is considered a neglected re-emergent infection in humans. As a difference with domestic pigs, and even with several clinical cases reported in some European countries, it seems that Eurasian wild boars (Sus scrofa) have a low susceptibility to clinical mange. However, because of a case of confirmed transmission from Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica) to wild boar in the province of Tarragona, we planned a large-scale ELISA survey in the neighboring Valencian Community (SE Spain). We compared 419 wild boar sera from different management systems (fenced vs. open game estates), different ages (piglets, juveniles, and adults), with different behaviour (gregarious females of all ages and male piglets vs. solitary juveniles and adult males), from areas with different wild boar densities, different wild ruminant densities and different sarcoptic mange epidemiologic situations. The whole prevalence of antibodies against sarcoptic mange in the tested wild boars was 10.5%. No significant differences were found when comparing fenced and free ranging wild boars, males and females, gregarious vs. solitary individuals or among different ages. However, wild boar density was a relevant factor. In areas with a hunting bag of <1 wild boar/km2, considered as a low density of suids, the seroprevalence was 2.94%, but rose to 11.52% in high density districts, constituting a significant difference (p = 0.037). Low wild boar populations would act as a protective factor (OR 0.233; p = 0.049) against coming into contact with the mite. The wild ruminant densities or their sarcoptic mange status did not show any effect on wild boars seroprevalence against this disease. These results reinforce the suggested host-taxon Sarcoptes scabiei specificity and the independence of host-species foci.
摘要：
该病是一种分布广泛的疾病,在家畜和野生动物中有许多潜在的宿主。如今，它被认为是人类被忽视的重新出现的感染。与家猪不同，甚至在一些欧洲国家报告了一些临床病例，欧亚野猪（Susscrofa）似乎对临床mange的易感性较低。然而,因为在塔拉戈纳省有一例确诊的从西班牙野猪(Caprapyrenaica)传播到野猪,我们计划在邻近的巴伦西亚社区（西班牙东南部）进行大规模的ELISA调查。我们比较了来自不同管理系统的419只野猪血清(围栏与开放游戏庄园)，不同年龄(仔猪，少年,和成年人），具有不同的行为(各个年龄段的群居雌性和雄性仔猪与孤独的青少年和成年男性)，来自不同野猪密度的地区，不同的野生反刍动物密度和不同的食肉管理流行病学情况。在测试的野猪中，针对沙眼mange的抗体的总患病率为10.5％。比较围栏野猪和自由放养野猪时没有发现显着差异，男性和女性，群居vs.孤独的个体或不同年龄的个体。然而,野猪密度是相关因素。在狩猎袋<1野猪/km2的地区，被认为是低密度的猪，血清阳性率为2.94%，但在高密度地区上升到11.52%，构成显著差异(p=0.037)。低野猪种群将作为防止与螨接触的保护因素（OR0.233；p=0.049）。野生反刍动物的密度或其沙眼mange状态对野猪对这种疾病的血清阳性率没有任何影响。这些结果加强了建议的宿主分类单元Sarcoptesscabiei特异性和宿主物种焦点的独立性。
