PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
DNA methylation is one of the earliest and most significant epigenetic mechanisms discovered. DNA methylation refers, in general, to the addition of a methyl group to a specific base in the DNA sequence under the catalysis of DNA methyltransferase, with S‑adenosine methionine as the methyl donor, via covalent bonding and chemical modifications. DNA methylation is an important factor in inducing cancer. There are different types of DNA methylation, and methylation at different sites plays different roles. It is well known that the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) is affected by the methylation of key genes. The present review did not only discuss the potential relationship between DNA methylation and CRC but also discussed how DNA methylation affects the development of CRC by affecting key genes. Furthermore, the clinical significance of DNA methylation in CRC was highlighted, including that of the therapeutic targets and biomarkers of methylation; and the importance of DNA methylation inhibitors was discussed as a novel strategy for treatment of CRC. The present review did not only focus upon the latest research findings, but earlier reviews were also cited as references to older literature.
摘要：
DNA甲基化是发现的最早和最重要的表观遗传机制之一。DNA甲基化是指，总的来说,在DNA甲基转移酶的催化下，向DNA序列中的特定碱基添加甲基，以S-腺苷蛋氨酸作为甲基供体，通过共价键合和化学修饰。DNA甲基化是诱发癌症的重要因素。有不同类型的DNA甲基化，和甲基化在不同的位点发挥不同的作用。众所周知，结直肠癌（CRC）的进展受关键基因甲基化的影响。本综述不仅讨论了DNA甲基化与CRC之间的潜在关系，还讨论了DNA甲基化如何通过影响关键基因来影响CRC的发展。此外，强调了DNA甲基化在CRC中的临床意义，包括甲基化的治疗靶点和生物标志物;以及DNA甲基化抑制剂作为CRC治疗新策略的重要性被讨论。本综述不仅关注最新的研究成果，但是早期的评论也被引用为对较早文献的引用。
