Abstract：
Culture has a profound impact on preventive measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous research has revealed that collectivism is associated with more effective responses to COVID-19 on the national or regional level. However, the impact of different components of collectivist orientation on vaccine attitudes remains insufficiently explored on the individual level. Two survey studies conducted in August 2021 in mainland China consistently found that individual-level horizontal collectivist orientation, rather than vertical collectivist orientation, was linked with more favourable vaccine attitudes. Specifically, Study 1 (N = 731) indicated that horizontal collectivist orientation was positive associated with vaccination intention indirectly via risk perception, and horizontal collectivist orientation was also positively associated with vaccination persuasion both directly and indirectly via risk perception. Study 2 (N = 1481), employing multilevel modelling, demonstrated that the link between horizontal collectivist orientation and confidence in vaccines remained robust regardless of provincial-level variations in socioeconomic development and cultural tightness. These findings convergently suggest that the positive vaccine attitudes among mainland Chinese are primarily driven by an amplified risk perception due to concern for others, rather than submission to authority.
摘要：
文化对COVID-19大流行期间的预防措施有深远的影响。先前的研究表明，集体主义与在国家或地区层面对COVID-19的更有效反应有关。然而,集体主义取向的不同组成部分对疫苗态度的影响在个体层面上仍未得到充分探索。2021年8月在中国大陆进行的两项调查研究一致发现，个人水平的集体主义取向，而不是垂直的集体主义取向，与更有利的疫苗态度有关。具体来说,研究1（N=731）表明，水平的集体主义取向通过风险感知间接与疫苗接种意向呈正相关，水平的集体主义倾向也与通过风险感知直接和间接的疫苗接种说服呈正相关。研究2（N=1481），采用多层次建模，表明，无论省级社会经济发展和文化紧密度如何，横向集体主义取向和对疫苗的信心之间的联系仍然牢固。这些发现一致地表明，中国大陆人对疫苗的积极态度主要是由于对他人的担忧而导致的风险认知放大，而不是服从权威。
