Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a prevalent health challenge in India, with a bidirectional link to depression. Recognizing the prevalence of depression among hypertensive patients and associated factors are important for better health outcomes.
METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant studies. R software was used for analysis, employing a random effects model with a 95% confidence interval. Subgroup analyses were done to explore sources of heterogeneity within the included studies.
RESULTS: The prevalence of depression among hypertensive patients in India was 39.8% (95% CI: 28.6; 52.1). Despite a higher prevalence observed in South region (44.7%) compared to North (26.9%), the difference was not significant (p=0.39). Studies utilizing different assessment scales and varying sample sizes yielded similar prevalence. However, a temporal trend analysis indicated a higher prevalence in studies published between 2020 and 2023 (52.6%) compared to those published between 2016 and 2019 (35.5%) (p=0.03). Major factors associated with depression included lower socioeconomic status, low education level, female gender, uncontrolled hypertension, and COVID-19 related factors.
CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of hypertensive patients suffer from depression. Therefore, screening for depression in hypertensive patients is essential to improve hypertension management in India.
METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant studies. R software was used for analysis, employing a random effects model with a 95% confidence interval. Subgroup analyses were done to explore sources of heterogeneity within the included studies.
RESULTS: The prevalence of depression among hypertensive patients in India was 39.8% (95% CI: 28.6; 52.1). Despite a higher prevalence observed in South region (44.7%) compared to North (26.9%), the difference was not significant (p=0.39). Studies utilizing different assessment scales and varying sample sizes yielded similar prevalence. However, a temporal trend analysis indicated a higher prevalence in studies published between 2020 and 2023 (52.6%) compared to those published between 2016 and 2019 (35.5%) (p=0.03). Major factors associated with depression included lower socioeconomic status, low education level, female gender, uncontrolled hypertension, and COVID-19 related factors.
CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of hypertensive patients suffer from depression. Therefore, screening for depression in hypertensive patients is essential to improve hypertension management in India.
摘要：
背景：高血压是印度普遍存在的健康挑战，与抑郁症有双向联系。认识到高血压患者中抑郁症的患病率及其相关因素对于更好的健康结果很重要。
方法：在PubMed中进行了全面搜索，Embase,Scopus,和谷歌学者数据库来确定相关研究。使用R软件进行分析，采用95%置信区间的随机效应模型。进行亚组分析以探索纳入研究中异质性的来源。
结果：印度高血压患者中抑郁症的患病率为39.8%（95%CI：28.6;52.1）。尽管南部地区（44.7％）的患病率高于北部（26.9％），差异不显著(p=0.39)。使用不同评估量表和不同样本量的研究产生了相似的患病率。然而,时间趋势分析显示,2020年至2023年发表的研究(52.6%)的患病率高于2016年至2019年发表的研究(35.5%)(p=0.03).与抑郁症相关的主要因素包括较低的社会经济地位，教育水平低,女性性别,不受控制的高血压，和COVID-19相关因素。
结论：相当比例的高血压患者患有抑郁症。因此,筛查高血压患者的抑郁症对于改善印度的高血压管理至关重要。
方法：在PubMed中进行了全面搜索，Embase,Scopus,和谷歌学者数据库来确定相关研究。使用R软件进行分析，采用95%置信区间的随机效应模型。进行亚组分析以探索纳入研究中异质性的来源。
结果：印度高血压患者中抑郁症的患病率为39.8%（95%CI：28.6;52.1）。尽管南部地区（44.7％）的患病率高于北部（26.9％），差异不显著(p=0.39)。使用不同评估量表和不同样本量的研究产生了相似的患病率。然而,时间趋势分析显示,2020年至2023年发表的研究(52.6%)的患病率高于2016年至2019年发表的研究(35.5%)(p=0.03).与抑郁症相关的主要因素包括较低的社会经济地位，教育水平低,女性性别,不受控制的高血压，和COVID-19相关因素。
结论：相当比例的高血压患者患有抑郁症。因此,筛查高血压患者的抑郁症对于改善印度的高血压管理至关重要。
