Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To examine differences in psychological detachment from work during nonwork time by nurses\' personal and work-related characteristics, and to examine the moderating and mediating effects of psychological detachment on the relationships between nursing workload and fatigue and sleep.
METHODS: This study employed a cross-sectional design with a self-administered online survey. Survey data from 827 hospital nurses providing direct patient care in the United States were used. Moderating and mediating effects of psychological detachment between workload and fatigue/sleep relationships were assessed using Hayes\' PROCESS macro in SPSS.
RESULTS: There were significant differences in psychological detachment from work based on age, highest nursing degree, work experience, shift length, weekly work hours, and frequency of providing care to patients with COVID-19. The associations of workload with physical fatigue, mental fatigue, and sleep quality were weakened when psychological detachment was high. Psychological detachment statistically mediated the associations between workload and fatigue and sleep problems.
CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare organizations are encouraged to facilitate nurses\' psychological detachment during time-off to protect them from fatigue and sleep problems.
METHODS: This study employed a cross-sectional design with a self-administered online survey. Survey data from 827 hospital nurses providing direct patient care in the United States were used. Moderating and mediating effects of psychological detachment between workload and fatigue/sleep relationships were assessed using Hayes\' PROCESS macro in SPSS.
RESULTS: There were significant differences in psychological detachment from work based on age, highest nursing degree, work experience, shift length, weekly work hours, and frequency of providing care to patients with COVID-19. The associations of workload with physical fatigue, mental fatigue, and sleep quality were weakened when psychological detachment was high. Psychological detachment statistically mediated the associations between workload and fatigue and sleep problems.
CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare organizations are encouraged to facilitate nurses\' psychological detachment during time-off to protect them from fatigue and sleep problems.
摘要：
目的：根据护士的个人特征和工作相关特征，研究非工作时间内心理脱离工作的差异，并研究心理脱离对护理工作量与疲劳和睡眠之间关系的调节和中介作用。
方法：本研究采用横断面设计和自我管理的在线调查。使用了来自美国827名提供直接患者护理的医院护士的调查数据。使用SPSS中的Hayes\'PROCESS宏评估了工作负荷与疲劳/睡眠关系之间的心理脱离的调节和中介作用。
结果：根据年龄，心理脱离工作存在显着差异，最高护理学位，工作经验,移位长度,每周工作时间,以及为COVID-19患者提供护理的频率。工作量与身体疲劳的关联，精神疲劳,当心理脱离较高时，睡眠质量会减弱。心理脱离在统计学上介导了工作量与疲劳和睡眠问题之间的关联。
结论：鼓励医疗机构在休假期间促进护士的心理脱离，以保护他们免受疲劳和睡眠问题的影响。
方法：本研究采用横断面设计和自我管理的在线调查。使用了来自美国827名提供直接患者护理的医院护士的调查数据。使用SPSS中的Hayes\'PROCESS宏评估了工作负荷与疲劳/睡眠关系之间的心理脱离的调节和中介作用。
结果：根据年龄，心理脱离工作存在显着差异，最高护理学位，工作经验,移位长度,每周工作时间,以及为COVID-19患者提供护理的频率。工作量与身体疲劳的关联，精神疲劳,当心理脱离较高时，睡眠质量会减弱。心理脱离在统计学上介导了工作量与疲劳和睡眠问题之间的关联。
结论：鼓励医疗机构在休假期间促进护士的心理脱离，以保护他们免受疲劳和睡眠问题的影响。
