Abstract：
Southern Hemisphere humpback whales accumulate persistent and toxic chemicals, which are transported to Antarctica through distant sources and in situ usage. The extreme seasonal migration-associated fast of humpback whales results in the remobilization of persistent and lipophilic environmental contaminants from liberated fat stores. Mitochondria play a key role in lipid metabolism, and any disruption to mitochondrial function is expected to influence whole-organism bioenergetics. It is therefore of interest to advance understanding of the impact of known contaminants of the Antarctic sea-ice ecosystem upon humpback whale cellular bioenergetics. Using cell line-based in vitro testing, this study employed the Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer to study cellular metabolic activity in live humpback whale fibroblast cells. The assay, based on oxygen consumption rate, provides insights into the cause of cellular bioenergetic disruption. Immortalized skin fibroblasts were exposed to four priority environmental chemicals found in the Antarctic sea-ice ecosystem. Our findings reveal chemical-dependent functional alterations and varying bioenergetic profile responses. Chlorpyrifos was observed to decrease mitochondrial basal oxygen consumption; dieldrin increased basal oxygen consumption; trifluralin\'s impact was dose-specific, and endosulfan displayed no effect. Our results provide unique insights into environmental chemical mechanisms of action on cellular bioenergetics, generating much-needed taxa-specific chemical effect data in support of evidence-based conservation policy and management.
摘要：
南半球座头鲸积累持久性和有毒化学物质，它们通过遥远的来源和就地使用被运送到南极洲。座头鲸的极端季节性迁移相关的快速导致从释放的脂肪储存中重新动员持久性和亲脂性环境污染物。线粒体在脂质代谢中起关键作用，线粒体功能的任何破坏都会影响整个生物体的生物能学。因此，有兴趣进一步了解南极海冰生态系统已知污染物对座头鲸细胞生物能学的影响。使用基于细胞系的体外测试，这项研究使用海马细胞外通量分析仪研究了活座头鲸成纤维细胞的细胞代谢活性。化验，根据耗氧率，提供了对细胞生物能破坏的原因的见解。永生化的皮肤成纤维细胞暴露于南极海冰生态系统中发现的四种优先环境化学物质。我们的发现揭示了化学依赖的功能改变和不同的生物能量谱反应。毒死蜱可减少线粒体基础耗氧量；狄氏剂可增加基础耗氧量；氟乐灵的影响是剂量特异性的，硫丹没有效果。我们的结果提供了对细胞生物能量作用的环境化学机理的独特见解，生成急需的特定于分类群的化学效应数据，以支持基于证据的保护政策和管理。
