Abstract：
Polysaccharides (PSAs) are carbohydrate-based macromolecules widely used in the biomedical field, either in their pure form or in blends/nanocomposites with other materials. The relationship between structure, properties, and functions has inspired scientists to design multifunctional PSAs for various biomedical applications by incorporating unique molecular structures and targeted bulk properties. Multiple strategies, such as conjugation, grafting, cross-linking, and functionalization, have been explored to control their mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity, degradability, rheological features, and stimuli-responsiveness. For instance, custom-made PSAs are known for their worldwide biomedical applications in tissue engineering, drug/gene delivery, and regenerative medicine. Furthermore, the remarkable advancements in supramolecular engineering and chemistry have paved the way for mission-oriented biomaterial synthesis and the fabrication of customized biomaterials. These materials can synergistically combine the benefits of biology and chemistry to tackle important biomedical questions. Herein, we categorize and summarize PSAs based on their synthesis methods, and explore the main strategies used to customize their chemical structures. We then highlight various properties of PSAs using practical examples. Lastly, we thoroughly describe the biomedical applications of tailor-made PSAs, along with their current existing challenges and potential future directions.
摘要：
多糖(PSAs)是以碳水化合物为基础的大分子,广泛应用于生物医学领域,无论是在它们的纯形式或与其他材料的混合物/纳米复合材料。结构之间的关系，属性,和功能激发了科学家通过结合独特的分子结构和有针对性的整体特性，为各种生物医学应用设计多功能PSA。多种策略,例如共轭，嫁接,交联,和功能化，已经探索过控制它们的机械性能，电导率，亲水性,降解性，流变学特征，和刺激反应。例如,定制的PSA以其在组织工程中的全球生物医学应用而闻名，药物/基因递送，和再生医学。此外，超分子工程和化学的显着进步为面向任务的生物材料合成和定制生物材料的制造铺平了道路。这些材料可以协同地结合生物学和化学的益处来解决重要的生物医学问题。在这里，我们根据PSA的综合方法对它们进行分类和总结，并探索用于定制其化学结构的主要策略。然后，我们使用实际示例强调PSA的各种属性。最后,我们彻底描述了量身定制的PSA的生物医学应用，以及他们当前面临的挑战和潜在的未来方向。
