Abstract：
Powerful pharmaceuticals are readily available for purchase throughout Tanzania and global health policy makers decry this situation as dangerous and disordered, as if no rules govern the use of drugs in Africa. In the prevailing global health understanding, \'truth\' lies in the laboratory science that goes into the making and proper prescription of drugs, and such deviations as \'overuse\' and \'misuse\' result from the fact that locals supposedly misunderstand what these drugs are and how they should be used. However, my ethnographic research in Tanzania reveals that embodied epistemologies frequently enable medical practitioners and patients to evaluate the quality of various drugs and to identify chakachua (substandard or adulterated) pharmaceuticals through their material and sensory qualities-a practice I conceptualize as a form of \'fugitive science\' (Rusert 2017). In light of this, I analyze the WHO\'s National Action Plan for Antimicrobial Resistance in Tanzania, demonstrating how such global health policies disregard this knowledge, employing neocolonial rhetoric that presents \'ignorance\' and \'lack of hygiene\' as the sources of growing antimicrobial resistance while simultaneously obscuring structural inequalities. I argue that such forms of global health surveillance operate through the logics and epistemologies of war (Chow 2006; Terry 2017) in ways that render populations in the Global South into threats and targets. I conclude by suggesting that fugitive science can work as counter-evidence to health security frameworks and, as such, represents a furtive form of resistance to these militarized logics.
摘要：
整个坦桑尼亚都可以随时购买强大的药品，全球卫生政策制定者谴责这种情况是危险和无序的，好像没有规则来管理非洲的毒品使用。在流行的全球健康理解中，“真理”在于实验室科学，它涉及药物的制造和正确的处方，而“过度使用”和“误用”等偏差是由于当地人误解了这些药物是什么以及应该如何使用。然而,我在坦桑尼亚的人种学研究表明，具体的认识论经常使医生和患者能够评估各种药物的质量，并通过其材料和感官质量识别chakachua（不合格或掺假）药物-我将其概念化为“逃亡科学”的一种形式（Rusert2017）。鉴于此,我分析了世界卫生组织在坦桑尼亚的抗菌素耐药性国家行动计划，证明这些全球卫生政策是如何忽视这些知识的，采用“无知”和“缺乏卫生”的新殖民主义言论作为日益增长的抗菌素耐药性的来源，同时掩盖了结构性不平等。我认为，这种形式的全球健康监测是通过战争的逻辑和认识论来运作的(Chow2006;Terry2017)，使全球南方的人口成为威胁和目标。最后，我建议逃犯科学可以作为卫生安全框架的反证据，因此，代表了对这些军事化逻辑的一种偷偷摸摸的抵抗。
