PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Until recently, diet as a therapeutic tool to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been proven effective. Nearly a century in the making we are in the grips of a revolution in diet therapies for IBD, driven by emerging data revealing diet as a key environmental factor associated with IBD susceptibility, and observational studies suggesting that dietary intake may play a role in the disease course of established IBD. This review summarizes the current evidence for diets trialed as induction and maintenance therapy for IBD. For Crohn\'s disease, exclusive enteral nutrition and the Crohn\'s disease exclusion diet with partial enteral nutrition are supported by emerging high-quality evidence as induction therapy, but are short-term approaches that are not feasible for prolonged use. Data on diet as maintenance therapy for Crohn\'s disease are conflicting, with some studies supporting fortification, and others suppression, of certain food components. For ulcerative colitis, data are not as robust for diet as induction and maintenance therapy; however, consistent themes are emerging, suggesting benefits for diets that are plant-based, high in fiber and low in animal protein. Further studies for both Crohn\'s disease and ulcerative colitis are eagerly awaited, which will allow specific recommendations to be made. Until this time, recommendations default to population based healthy eating guidelines.
摘要：
直到最近,饮食作为治疗炎症性肠病（IBD）的治疗工具尚未被证明是有效的。近一个世纪以来，我们正处于IBD饮食疗法的革命中，在新出现的数据显示饮食是与IBD易感性相关的关键环境因素的推动下，和观察性研究表明，饮食摄入可能在已确定的IBD的病程中起作用。这篇综述总结了目前用于IBD诱导和维持治疗的饮食试验的证据。对于克罗恩病,独家肠内营养和克罗恩病排除饮食与部分肠内营养是由新兴的高质量证据作为诱导治疗的支持，但是短期方法对于长期使用是不可行的。关于饮食作为克罗恩病维持治疗的数据是相互矛盾的，一些研究支持防御工事，和其他人的压制，某些食物成分。对于溃疡性结肠炎，饮食数据不像诱导和维持治疗那样稳健；然而，一致的主题正在出现，表明植物性饮食的好处，纤维含量高，动物蛋白含量低。对克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎的进一步研究正在热切期待，这将允许提出具体建议。直到这个时候,建议默认为基于人群的健康饮食指南。
