PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a heterogeneous condition definable as the intermediate clinical state between normal aging and dementia. As a pre-dementia condition, there is a recent growing interest in the identification of non-invasive markers able to predict the progression from MCI to a more advanced stage of the disease. Previous evidence showed the close link between gut microbiota and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer\'s (AD) and Parkinson\'s disease (PD). Conversely, the actual relationship between gut microbiota and MCI is yet to be clarified. In this work, we provide an overview about the current knowledge regarding the role of gut microbiota in the context of MCI, also assessing the potential for microbiota-targeted therapies. Through the review of the most recent studies focusing on this topic, we found evidence of an increase of Bacteroidetes at phylum level and Bacteroides at genus level in MCI subjects with respect to healthy controls and patients with AD. Despite such initial evidence, the definitive identification of a typical microbiota profile associated with MCI is still far from being achieved. These preliminary results, however, are growingly encouraging research on the role of gut microbiota modulation in improving the cognitive status of pre-dementia subjects. To date, few studies evaluated the role of probiotics in MCI subjects, and they showed favorable results, although still biased by small sample size, heterogeneity of study design and short follow-up.
摘要：
轻度认知障碍（MCI）是一种异质性疾病，可定义为介于正常衰老和痴呆之间的中间临床状态。作为痴呆前的疾病，最近,人们对鉴定能够预测MCI进展到更晚期的非侵入性标志物的兴趣日益浓厚.先前的证据表明，肠道微生物群与神经退行性疾病之间存在密切联系，如阿尔茨海默病(AD)和帕金森病(PD)。相反，肠道菌群与MCI之间的实际关系尚待阐明。在这项工作中,我们概述了有关肠道微生物群在MCI中的作用的现有知识,并评估了微生物群靶向治疗的潜力.通过对针对这一主题的最新研究的回顾，我们发现有证据表明MCI受试者与健康对照组和AD患者相比,门水平的拟杆菌和属水平的拟杆菌增加.尽管有这样的初步证据,与MCI相关的典型微生物区系谱的最终鉴定仍远未实现。这些初步结果,然而,关于肠道微生物群调节在改善痴呆前受试者认知状态中的作用的研究越来越令人鼓舞。迄今为止,很少有研究评估益生菌在MCI受试者中的作用，他们表现出良好的结果，尽管仍然受到小样本量的影响，研究设计和短期随访的异质性。
