Abstract：
Objective: To explore the incidence and influencing factors of wheezing among children and adolescents aged 3-18 years in 11 cities in China from 2022 to 2023. Methods: From October 2022 to August 2023, 11 cities including Xishuangbanna in Yunnan Province, Suqian in Jiangsu Province, Chifeng and Hohhot in Inner Mongolia, Tangshan in Hebei Province, Changzhi in Shanxi Province, Yinchuan in Ningxia Province, Lanzhou and Dingxi in Gansu Province, Linyi in Shandong Province, and Tonghua in Jilin Province were selected as research sites to recruit kindergarten children and primary and secondary school adolescents in local urban areas. A total of 21 959 children and adolescents were included in this study. Demographic information, wheezing data (whether wheezing has occurred in the past and whether wheezing attacks have occurred in the past one year), personal history, family history and other information were collected through questionnaires. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of wheezing attacks in the past one year. Results: The mean age of 21 959 children and adolescents was (12.09±3.65) years old, and 52.3% (11 480) were boys. The incidence of wheezing history was 3.7% (816 cases), and the incidence of wheezing attacks in the past year was 2.5% (556 cases). The multivariate logistic regression model analysis results showed that compared with older age, girls, full-term natural delivery, no allergic rhinitis, no family history of allergic diseases, no passive smoking, partial diet, natural conception and childbirth, the children aged 3-18 years with young age, male, partial diet, passive smoking, family history of allergic diseases, allergic rhinitis, cesarean section, premature birth, and assisted reproduction had a higher risk of wheezing [OR (95%CI): 0.86(0.84-0.88), 1.27(1.07-1.51), 2.31(1.95-2.75), 2.09(1.76-2.47), 3.5(2.80-4.37), 4.05(3.39-4.83), 1.20(1.02-1.43), 2.26(1.66-3.09), and 1.67(1.01-2.78)]. Conclusion: From 2022 to 2023, the incidence of wheezing among children aged 3-18 years in China is not significantly higher than before, and childhood wheezing may be related to factors such as children\'s age, gender, dietary habits, family and personal history of allergic diseases, passive smoking, and perinatal period.
目的： 探讨2022—2023年中国11个城市3~18岁儿童青少年喘息的发生率及相关因素。 方法： 于 2022年10月至2023年8月，以云南西双版纳、江苏宿迁、内蒙古赤峰和呼和浩特、河北唐山、山西长治、宁夏银川、甘肃兰州和定西、山东临沂、吉林通化11个城市为研究现场，招募当地城区幼儿园儿童及中小学青少年为对象，最终纳入21 959名儿童青少年。通过调查问卷收集人口学信息、喘息资料（既往是否出现过喘息、近1年是否仍有喘息发作情况）、个人史、家族史等信息，采用多因素logistic回归模型分析近1年喘息发作的相关因素。 结果： 21 959名儿童青少年年龄为（12.09±3.65）岁，男童占52.3%（11 480名）；既往喘息发生率为3.7%（816例），在近1年仍有喘息发生率为2.5%（556例）。多因素logistic回归模型分析结果显示，与大年龄、女童、足月顺产、无过敏性鼻炎及过敏性疾病家族史、无被动吸烟、偏食、自然受孕生产相比，低龄、男性、偏食、被动吸烟、过敏性疾病家族史、患过敏性鼻炎、剖宫产、早产、辅助生殖出生的儿童发生喘息的风险较高，OR（95%CI）值分别为0.86（0.84~0.88）、1.27（1.07~1.51）、2.31（1.95~2.75）、2.09（1.76~2.47）、3.5（2.80~4.37）、4.05（3.39~4.83）、1.20（1.02~1.43）、2.26（1.66~3.09）和1.67（1.01~2.78）。 结论： 2022—2023年中国3~18岁儿童喘息发生率较前升高不明显；儿童喘息与儿童的年龄、性别、饮食习惯、过敏性疾病家族史及个人史、被动吸烟、围产期等因素有关。.
目的： 探讨2022—2023年中国11个城市3~18岁儿童青少年喘息的发生率及相关因素。 方法： 于 2022年10月至2023年8月，以云南西双版纳、江苏宿迁、内蒙古赤峰和呼和浩特、河北唐山、山西长治、宁夏银川、甘肃兰州和定西、山东临沂、吉林通化11个城市为研究现场，招募当地城区幼儿园儿童及中小学青少年为对象，最终纳入21 959名儿童青少年。通过调查问卷收集人口学信息、喘息资料（既往是否出现过喘息、近1年是否仍有喘息发作情况）、个人史、家族史等信息，采用多因素logistic回归模型分析近1年喘息发作的相关因素。 结果： 21 959名儿童青少年年龄为（12.09±3.65）岁，男童占52.3%（11 480名）；既往喘息发生率为3.7%（816例），在近1年仍有喘息发生率为2.5%（556例）。多因素logistic回归模型分析结果显示，与大年龄、女童、足月顺产、无过敏性鼻炎及过敏性疾病家族史、无被动吸烟、偏食、自然受孕生产相比，低龄、男性、偏食、被动吸烟、过敏性疾病家族史、患过敏性鼻炎、剖宫产、早产、辅助生殖出生的儿童发生喘息的风险较高，OR（95%CI）值分别为0.86（0.84~0.88）、1.27（1.07~1.51）、2.31（1.95~2.75）、2.09（1.76~2.47）、3.5（2.80~4.37）、4.05（3.39~4.83）、1.20（1.02~1.43）、2.26（1.66~3.09）和1.67（1.01~2.78）。 结论： 2022—2023年中国3~18岁儿童喘息发生率较前升高不明显；儿童喘息与儿童的年龄、性别、饮食习惯、过敏性疾病家族史及个人史、被动吸烟、围产期等因素有关。.
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