Abstract：
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT), including SCIT and SLIT, is a treatment that involves the administration of allergens to which patients with allergic diseases have been sensitized. HDM-SCIT for asthma is indicated in cases of HDM-sensitized allergic asthma with normal lung function. HDM-SCIT improves asthma symptoms and AHR, and decreases the medication dose. Importantly, AIT can improve other allergic diseases complicated by asthma, such as allergic rhinitis, which can also contribute to the improvement of asthma symptoms. Several studies have suggested that HDM-SLIT also attenuates the risk of asthma exacerbations, and improves lung function in asthma cases with allergic rhinitis. Furthermore, AIT can modify the natural course of allergic diseases, including asthma. For example, the effects of AIT are maintained for at least several years after treatment discontinuation. AIT can prevent the onset of asthma when introduced in allergic rhinitis, and can also inhibit or reduce new allergen sensitizations. Recent data have suggested that AIT may suppress non-targeted allergen-induced immune responses in addition to targeted allergen-induced responses, and suppress infections of the lower respiratory tract by enhancing IFN responses.
摘要：
过敏原免疫疗法（AIT），包括SCIT和SLIT，是一种涉及给予患有过敏性疾病的患者已致敏的过敏原的治疗。HDM-SCIT用于哮喘，适用于肺功能正常的HDM致敏过敏性哮喘。HDM-SCIT改善哮喘症状和AHR，并减少药物剂量。重要的是,AIT可以改善其他过敏性疾病并发哮喘，如过敏性鼻炎，这也有助于改善哮喘症状。几项研究表明，HDM-SLIT也可以减轻哮喘加重的风险。并改善哮喘伴过敏性鼻炎患者的肺功能。此外，AIT可以改变过敏性疾病的自然病程，包括哮喘.例如,AIT的效果在治疗中断后至少维持数年。在过敏性鼻炎中引入AIT可以预防哮喘的发作，并且还可以抑制或减少新的过敏原致敏。最近的数据表明，除了靶向过敏原诱导的反应外，AIT还可以抑制非靶向过敏原诱导的免疫反应。并通过增强IFN应答抑制下呼吸道感染。
