Abstract：
Recent work finds that upward neighborhood mobility-defined as reductions in neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage due to moving-may improve birth outcomes. Less work, however, explores whether changes in socioeconomic context differentially impact birth outcomes by maternal race and ethnicity. In the US, mothers of minoritized racial and ethnic identity often experience worse neighborhood conditions and pregnancy outcomes than White mothers. Using a sibling-linked dataset, we examined whether neighborhood mobility corresponds with changes in preterm birth risk among Asian (N = 130,079), Black (N = 50,149), Hispanic (N = 429,938), and White (N = 233,428) mothers who delivered multiple live births in California between 2005 and 2015. We linked residential addresses at each birth to census-derived indices of neighborhood disadvantage and defined levels of neighborhood mobility as moving-induced changes in disadvantage between pregnancies. We mapped neighborhood mobility patterns and fit conditional logistic regression models estimating the odds of preterm birth in the sibling delivered after moving, controlling for the risk of preterm birth in the sibling delivered before moving, by maternal race and ethnicity. Dot density maps highlight racialized patterns of neighborhood mobility and segregation between Black and White mothers. Regression results show that Black and, in some cases, Asian and Hispanic mothers who experienced upward mobility (moves away from neighborhood disadvantage) exhibited reduced odds of preterm birth in the second delivery. Upward mobility did not reduce the odds of preterm birth among White mothers. Findings suggest that policies and programs that enable opportunities for neighborhood mobility may reduce persistent racial and ethnic disparities in adverse birth outcomes.
摘要：
最近的工作发现，向上的邻里流动-定义为由于移动而导致的邻里社会经济劣势的减少-可能会改善出生结果。少工作,然而,探讨社会经济背景的变化是否因母亲种族和种族而对出生结果产生不同影响。在美国,与白人母亲相比，少数族裔和种族身份的母亲通常会经历更糟糕的邻里状况和怀孕结局。使用兄弟链接的数据集，我们检查了亚洲人(N=130,079)中邻里流动性是否与早产风险的变化相对应，黑色(N=50,149),西班牙裔（N=429,938），和白人(N=233,428)母亲在2005年至2015年期间在加利福尼亚州分娩了多胎活产。我们将每次出生时的居住地址与人口普查得出的邻里劣势指数联系起来，并将邻里流动性的水平定义为移动引起的怀孕之间劣势的变化。我们绘制了邻域流动模式，并拟合了条件逻辑回归模型，估计了移动后分娩的兄弟姐妹早产的几率，控制搬家前分娩的兄弟姐妹早产的风险，按母性种族和种族划分。点密度图突出显示了黑人和白人母亲之间邻里流动性和隔离的种族化模式。回归结果表明，布莱克和，在某些情况下,经历了向上流动（远离社区劣势）的亚洲和西班牙裔母亲在第二次分娩中早产的几率降低。向上流动并没有降低白人母亲早产的几率。研究结果表明，为邻里流动提供机会的政策和计划可能会减少不良分娩结果中持续存在的种族和族裔差异。
