PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cognitive Reserve (CR) reflects acquired knowledge, skills, and abilities throughout life, and it is known for modulating cognitive efficiency in healthy and clinical populations. CR, which was initially proposed to explain individual differences in the clinical presentation of dementia, has subsequently been extended to healthy ageing, showing its role in cognitive efficiency also during middle age. Recently, CR has been linked to affective processes in psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, major depressive and anxiety symptoms, and psychological distress, suggesting its potential role in emotional expression and regulation. Whether the role of CR in mental health extends to non-pathological adults, and whether this is only relevant in older age is not yet clear. The aim of this work was therefore to explore the relationship between CR and mental health in healthy adults, with a focus on middle adulthood (40-60). In a sample of 96 participants, we found a positive association between CR and mental health outcomes, such that a higher cognitive reserve index corresponded to fewer mental health reported symptoms. Specifically, a higher CR reflecting professional activities was associated with lower stress levels, especially in middle agers. Taken together, these data therefore suggest that engaging occupations may help maintain a robust mental health, especially by reducing stress symptoms during middle age. These results broaden previous findings suggesting that CR relates to affective components of mental health in middle aged and older adults.
摘要：
认知储备(CR)反映了获得的知识，技能,和一生的能力，它以调节健康和临床人群的认知效率而闻名。CR,最初被提出来解释痴呆临床表现的个体差异，随后被扩展到健康老龄化，在中年时期也显示出其在认知效率中的作用。最近,CR与精神分裂症等精神疾病的情感过程有关，主要的抑郁和焦虑症状，和心理困扰，提示其在情绪表达和调节中的潜在作用。CR在心理健康中的作用是否延伸到非病态成年人，这是否只与老年人有关尚不清楚。因此，这项工作的目的是探索健康成年人的CR与心理健康之间的关系，专注于中年（40-60岁）。在96名参与者的样本中，我们发现CR和心理健康结果之间存在正相关，因此，较高的认知储备指数对应较少的心理健康报告的症状。具体来说,较高的CR反映专业活动与较低的压力水平有关，尤其是在中老年人。一起来看,因此，这些数据表明，从事职业可能有助于保持健康的心理健康，特别是通过减少中年时期的压力症状。这些结果扩大了先前的发现，表明CR与中老年人心理健康的情感成分有关。
