Abstract：
Oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs) in Asia account for 42% of the global burden and over 50% of related deaths. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is involved in over 70% of OPC cases in the Western hemisphere, but its role in the Eastern hemisphere is unclear. This study reviews OPC epidemiology, including prevalence, etiological factors (such as smokeless tobacco and HPV), and their interaction. Among the SEAR countries, India had the highest incidence of HPV-related OPCs at 38.4%, while data were unavailable for most African countries, with only a 14% incidence reported. Conversely, the American region exhibited one of the highest HPV positivity rates, reaching up to 65% in different states of the USA, while Brazil reported an incidence of up to 38%. In the European Union, the UK had the highest incidence of HPV-associated OPC, reaching up to 52%. In the Western Pacific region, New Zealand demonstrated the highest incidence at up to 78%. Smokeless tobacco consumption was higher in SEAR countries, which had a relatively lower incidence of HPV infection, suggesting a negative correlation between the two. Based on our literature search, the most common detection methods used globally are immunohistochemistry for p16 and polymerized chain reaction. OPCs are a global health concern, and proper identification and classification are vital. HPV-driven cancers have better survival rates, emphasizing the need for focused research on specific problem areas based on the burden of HPV-positive or HPV-negative cancers.
摘要：
亚洲的口喉癌（OPCs）占全球负担的42％，占相关死亡的50％以上。在西半球，超过70%的OPC病例涉及人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)。但它在东半球的作用尚不清楚。本研究回顾了OPC流行病学，包括患病率，病因（如无烟烟草和HPV），和他们的互动。在SEAR国家中，印度的HPV相关OPCs发病率最高，为38.4%。虽然大多数非洲国家都没有数据，只有14%的发病率报告。相反，美洲地区是HPV阳性率最高的地区之一，在美国不同州达到65%，而巴西报告的发病率高达38%。在欧盟,英国的HPV相关OPC发病率最高，达到52%。在西太平洋地区,新西兰的发病率最高，高达78%。在东南亚国家，无烟烟草消费量较高，HPV感染率相对较低，表明两者之间存在负相关。根据我们的文献检索，全球最常用的检测方法是p16的免疫组织化学和聚合链式反应。OPCs是全球健康问题，正确的识别和分类至关重要。HPV驱动的癌症有更好的生存率，强调需要根据HPV阳性或HPV阴性癌症的负担对特定问题领域进行重点研究。
