Abstract：
African swine fever virus causes a lethal hemorrhagic disease in domestic swine and wild boar for which currently licensed commercial vaccines are only available in Vietnam. Development of subunit vaccines is complicated by the lack of information on protective antigens as well as suitable delivery systems. Our previous work showed that a pool of eight African swine fever virus genes vectored using an adenovirus prime and modified vaccinia virus boost could prevent fatal disease after challenge with a virulent genotype I isolate of the virus. Here, we identify antigens within this pool of eight that are essential for the observed protection and demonstrate that adenovirus-prime followed by adenovirus-boost can also induce protective immune responses against genotype I African swine fever virus. Immunization with a pool of adenoviruses expressing individual African swine fever virus genes partially tailored to genotype II virus did not protect against challenge with genotype II Georgia 2007/1 strain, suggesting that different antigens may be required to induce cross-protection for genetically distinct viruses.
OBJECTIVE: African swine fever virus causes a lethal hemorrhagic disease in domestic pigs and has killed millions of animals across Europe and Asia since 2007. Development of safe and effective subunit vaccines against African swine fever has been problematic due to the complexity of the virus and a poor understanding of protective immunity. In a previous study, we demonstrated that a complex combination of eight different virus genes delivered using two different viral vector vaccine platforms protected domestic pigs from fatal disease. In this study, we show that three of the eight genes are required for protection and that one viral vector is sufficient, significantly reducing the complexity of the vaccine. Unfortunately, this combination did not protect against the current outbreak strain of African swine fever virus, suggesting that more work to identify immunogenic and protective viral proteins is required to develop a truly effective African swine fever vaccine.
OBJECTIVE: African swine fever virus causes a lethal hemorrhagic disease in domestic pigs and has killed millions of animals across Europe and Asia since 2007. Development of safe and effective subunit vaccines against African swine fever has been problematic due to the complexity of the virus and a poor understanding of protective immunity. In a previous study, we demonstrated that a complex combination of eight different virus genes delivered using two different viral vector vaccine platforms protected domestic pigs from fatal disease. In this study, we show that three of the eight genes are required for protection and that one viral vector is sufficient, significantly reducing the complexity of the vaccine. Unfortunately, this combination did not protect against the current outbreak strain of African swine fever virus, suggesting that more work to identify immunogenic and protective viral proteins is required to develop a truly effective African swine fever vaccine.
摘要：
非洲猪瘟病毒在家猪和野猪中引起致命的出血性疾病，目前已获得许可的商业疫苗仅在越南可用。亚单位疫苗的开发由于缺乏关于保护性抗原以及合适的递送系统的信息而变得复杂。我们先前的工作表明，使用腺病毒初免和改良的痘苗病毒增强病毒对八个非洲猪瘟病毒基因进行了载体分析，可以在病毒的毒性基因型I分离株攻击后预防致命疾病。这里,我们鉴定了这8种抗原,这些抗原对于观察到的保护作用是必需的,并证明腺病毒初免和腺病毒加强也可以诱导针对I型非洲猪瘟病毒的保护性免疫应答.用表达部分适合于基因型II病毒的个别非洲猪瘟病毒基因的腺病毒库进行免疫接种并不能抵御基因型IIGeorgia2007/1毒株的攻击，这表明可能需要不同的抗原来诱导遗传上不同的病毒的交叉保护。
目的：非洲猪瘟病毒在家猪中引起致命的出血性疾病，自2007年以来已经杀死了欧洲和亚洲的数百万只动物。由于病毒的复杂性和对保护性免疫的了解不足，针对非洲猪瘟的安全有效亚单位疫苗的开发一直存在问题。在之前的研究中,我们证明，使用两种不同的病毒载体疫苗平台提供的8种不同病毒基因的复杂组合可以保护家猪免受致命疾病的侵害。在这项研究中,我们表明，八个基因中的三个是保护所必需的，一个病毒载体就足够了，显著降低疫苗的复杂性。不幸的是,这种组合并不能预防目前爆发的非洲猪瘟病毒株，这表明，开发真正有效的非洲猪瘟疫苗需要更多的工作来鉴定免疫原性和保护性病毒蛋白。
目的：非洲猪瘟病毒在家猪中引起致命的出血性疾病，自2007年以来已经杀死了欧洲和亚洲的数百万只动物。由于病毒的复杂性和对保护性免疫的了解不足，针对非洲猪瘟的安全有效亚单位疫苗的开发一直存在问题。在之前的研究中,我们证明，使用两种不同的病毒载体疫苗平台提供的8种不同病毒基因的复杂组合可以保护家猪免受致命疾病的侵害。在这项研究中,我们表明，八个基因中的三个是保护所必需的，一个病毒载体就足够了，显著降低疫苗的复杂性。不幸的是,这种组合并不能预防目前爆发的非洲猪瘟病毒株，这表明，开发真正有效的非洲猪瘟疫苗需要更多的工作来鉴定免疫原性和保护性病毒蛋白。
