Abstract：
Psychotria carthagenensis is a shrubby plant, often consumed by traditional populations in religious rituals. Previous studies have shown that this plant\'s infusion can inhibit the activity of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in rats. Despite the therapeutic potential, there is a lack of research regarding its possible toxicological and genotoxic effects. Hence, this study aimed to analyze the chemical profile of the ethanol extract from P. carthagenensis leaves by LC-DAD-MS and assess its possible toxicity and genotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Adult zebrafish (N = 9/group) were exposed at different concentrations and the LC50 was calculated. Frequencies of micronucleus (MN) and nuclear abnormalities (NA) were estimated for genotoxic effects, and degree of tissue changes (DTC) was used to assess the liver and gill histopathology. From the LC-DAD-MS analyses, the identified compounds included N-fructosyl valine, ethyl hexoside, 5-O-E-caffeoylquinic acid, N-feruloylagmatime, roseoside, di-O-deoxyhexoyl-hexosyl quercetin, loiolide, and oleamide. The calculated values of LC50 did not vary significantly during the time of exposure. At the concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 3.75, 5, 7.5, 10 and 15 mg/L, there was no genotoxicity, and only low to moderate toxicity for the tissues was observed, despite mortality of 100% at doses of 20-100 mg/L of P. carthagenensis ethanolic leaf extract. There were changes in cytoplasm of hepatocytes at 1.25 mg/L, and karyorrhexis, karyolysis and megalocytosis at 10 mg/L. In the gills, the alterations were primary lamellar hyperplasia in all concentrations, and at 10 mg/L, secondary lamellar edema and vascular hyperemia were common. Additionally, the chemical composition of P. carthagenensis was expanded.
摘要：
Carthagenensis是一种灌木植物，经常被传统人群在宗教仪式中消费。先前的研究表明，该植物的输液可以抑制大鼠乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的活性。尽管有治疗潜力，缺乏关于其可能的毒理学和基因毒性作用的研究。因此，本研究旨在通过LC-DAD-MS分析斑马鱼（Daniorerio）的乙醇提取物的化学特征，并评估其可能的毒性和遗传毒性。成年斑马鱼（N=9/组）暴露于不同浓度，并计算LC50。微核（MN）和核异常（NA）的频率被估计为遗传毒性作用，和组织变化程度（DTC）用于评估肝脏和ill的组织病理学。从LC-DAD-MS分析，鉴定的化合物包括N-果糖基缬氨酸，乙基己苷,5-O-E-咖啡酰基奎宁酸，N-阿魏罗伊格马提姆,玫瑰花苷,二-O-脱氧己酰基-己糖基槲皮素，loiolide,和油酰胺。LC50的计算值在暴露期间没有显著变化。在浓度为1.25、2.5、3.75、5、7.5、10和15mg/L时，没有遗传毒性,并且仅观察到对组织的低至中度毒性，尽管在20-100mg/L剂量的Carthagenensis乙醇叶提取物的死亡率为100％。1.25mg/L时肝细胞胞浆有改变,和karyorrhexis，10mg/L时的核溶解和巨细胞增多在the中，所有浓度的改变都是原发性板层增生，在10毫克/升，继发性板层水肿和血管充血常见。此外,石竹的化学成分得到了扩展。
