PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The maxillary second premolar has long been regarded as a tooth with a straight root canal anatomy, typically featuring a single root with two canals. However, emerging evidence suggests this tooth may harbor a more intricate internal morphology, challenging conventional perceptions, and treatment approaches. One such variation is three root canals within the upper second premolar, which has been gaining increasing attention in endodontic literature. Root canal treatment of maxillary second premolars with three canals demands meticulous debridement, shaping, and disinfection. A combination of magnification, illumination, and appropriate instrumentation aids in locating, negotiating, and cleaning the accessory canals effectively. Thorough cleaning of accessory canals can be achieved through effective irrigation solutions such as sodium hypochlorite, ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA), and chlorhexidine, which help dissolve organic tissues and remove debris. Techniques like ultrasonic and sonic activation, as well as negative pressure irrigation systems, enhance the penetration and effectiveness of these irrigants. Additionally, the use of modern nickel-titanium rotary files, ultrasonic irrigation, and supplementary chelating agents enhances the management of complex canal configurations.
摘要：
上颌第二前磨牙长期以来一直被认为是具有直根管解剖结构的牙齿，通常具有两个运河的单根。然而,新出现的证据表明这颗牙齿可能拥有更复杂的内部形态，挑战传统的观念，和治疗方法。一种这样的变化是上第二前磨牙内的三个根管，这在牙髓学文献中得到了越来越多的关注。三根根管治疗上颌第二前磨牙需要细致的清创，shaping,和消毒。放大倍数的组合，照明,和适当的仪器辅助定位，谈判,并有效地清洁附属运河。通过有效的冲洗溶液，如次氯酸钠，乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA),和氯己定,这有助于溶解有机组织和清除碎片。超声波和声波激活等技术，以及负压灌溉系统，增强这些灌溉剂的渗透性和有效性。此外,使用现代镍钛旋转文件，超声波灌溉,和补充的螯合剂增强了复杂的运河配置的管理。
