Abstract：
Over the past few decades, there has been a notable increase in the incidence of pediatric obesity, which is a significant public health concern. Children who are obese have a greater risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, polycystic ovary syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea, and adult obesity. Lifestyle modification therapy is typically the initial approach to treat pediatric obesity. For patients who do not achieve success with lifestyle modification therapy alone, pharmacotherapy is the next logical treatment option. When selecting an anti-obesity medication (AOM), it is essential to first ascertain the medical background of the patient, including current medications and obesity-associated comorbidities. Evaluation of obesity phenotypes in patients may also be beneficial. AOMs for pediatric obesity include metformin, orlistat, glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists, phentermine, and the phentermine/topiramate combination. Sufficient lifestyle modification therapy should be administered before considering pharmacotherapy and continued after the initiation of AOM. To ensure healthy development, monitoring growth and puberty development during anti-obesity treatments is essential.
摘要：
在过去的几十年里，儿童肥胖症的发病率显著增加，这是一个重大的公共卫生问题。肥胖儿童患2型糖尿病的风险更大，高血压,血脂异常,多囊卵巢综合征,阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停,和成人肥胖。生活方式修饰疗法通常是治疗小儿肥胖症的初始方法。对于仅通过生活方式改变治疗不能取得成功的患者，药物治疗是下一个合乎逻辑的治疗选择.选择抗肥胖药物（AOM）时，首先要确定病人的医疗背景，包括目前的药物和肥胖相关的合并症。评估患者的肥胖表型也可能是有益的。用于儿童肥胖的AOM包括二甲双胍，奥利司他,胰高血糖素样肽1激动剂，芬特明,和芬特明/托吡酯组合。在考虑药物治疗之前应给予足够的生活方式改变治疗，并在开始AOM后继续进行。为了确保健康发展，在抗肥胖治疗期间监测生长和青春期发育至关重要.
