Abstract：
While peri-implant mucositis relies solely on clinical parameters, radiological assessment becomes indispensable for diagnosing peri-implantitis. Intraoral radiography, with its simplicity of application, low radiation exposure, and adequate representation of peri-implant structures, stands out as the standard of care for both immediate and follow-up assessments. Standardization by custom-made radiologic splints allows for excellent comparability with previous images and allows for the determination of even small changes in contour and density of the peri-implant bone. Furthermore, other radiographic modalities like panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) may provide useful features for specific patients and clinical cases while also showing innate limitations. Beyond the assessment of the marginal peri-implant bone level as the crucial parameter of clinical relevance, radiologic assessment may reveal various other findings related to the prosthetic restoration itself, the precision of its fit to the implant, and the peri-implant soft and hard tissues. Since such findings can be crucial for the assessment of peri-implant health and the implants\' prognosis, a systematic diagnostic evaluation pathway for a thorough assessment is recommended to extract all relevant information from radiologic imaging. This article also provides an overview of the clinical and chronological indications for different imaging modalities in peri-implant issues.
摘要：
虽然种植体周围粘膜炎仅依赖于临床参数，放射学评估对于诊断种植体周围炎是必不可少的。口内射线照相术,凭借其简单的应用，低辐射暴露,以及种植体周围结构的充分表现，作为即时和后续评估的护理标准。通过定制的放射学夹板进行标准化可以与以前的图像具有出色的可比性，并且可以确定植入物周围骨骼的轮廓和密度的微小变化。此外，全景X线摄影和锥形束计算机断层扫描(CBCT)等其他X线摄影方式可能为特定患者和临床病例提供有用的特征,同时也显示出先天的局限性.除了评估边缘种植体周围骨水平作为临床相关性的关键参数外，放射学评估可能会发现与假体修复本身有关的各种其他发现，它与植入物的配合精度，以及种植体周围的软组织和硬组织。由于这些发现对于评估种植体周围健康和种植体预后至关重要，建议采用系统的诊断评估途径进行全面评估,以从放射学成像中提取所有相关信息.本文还概述了种植体周围问题中不同成像方式的临床和时间适应症。
