PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Sows commonly experience insulin resistance in late gestation and lactation, causing lower feed intake and milk production, which can lead to higher mortality rates in newborn piglets. The probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is known to improve insulin resistance. However, whether supplementing LGG can improve insulin sensitivity in sows and enhance lactation performance, particularly the early survival of offspring remains unclear. Hence, we explored the effects and mechanisms of supplementing LGG during late gestation and lactation on sow insulin sensitivity, lactation performance, and offspring survival. In total, 20 sows were randomly allocated to an LGG (n = 10) and control group (n = 10).
RESULTS: In sows, LGG supplementation significantly improved insulin sensitivity during late gestation and lactation, increased feed intake, milk production and colostrum lactose levels in early lactation, and enhanced newborn piglet survival. Moreover, LGG treatment significantly reshaped the gut microbiota in sows, notably increasing microbiota diversity and enriching the relative abundance of insulin sensitivity-associated probiotics such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides. Serum metabolite and amino acid profiling in late-gestation sows also revealed decreased branched-chain amino acid and kynurenine serum levels following LGG supplementation. Further analyses highlighted a correlation between mitigated insulin resistance in late pregnancy and lactation by LGG and gut microbiota reshaping and changes in serum amino acid metabolism. Furthermore, maternal LGG enhanced immunity in newborn piglets, reduced inflammation, and facilitated the establishment of a gut microbiota.
CONCLUSIONS: We provide the first evidence that LGG mitigates insulin resistance in sows and enhances offspring survival by modulating the gut microbiota and amino acid metabolism.
RESULTS: In sows, LGG supplementation significantly improved insulin sensitivity during late gestation and lactation, increased feed intake, milk production and colostrum lactose levels in early lactation, and enhanced newborn piglet survival. Moreover, LGG treatment significantly reshaped the gut microbiota in sows, notably increasing microbiota diversity and enriching the relative abundance of insulin sensitivity-associated probiotics such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides. Serum metabolite and amino acid profiling in late-gestation sows also revealed decreased branched-chain amino acid and kynurenine serum levels following LGG supplementation. Further analyses highlighted a correlation between mitigated insulin resistance in late pregnancy and lactation by LGG and gut microbiota reshaping and changes in serum amino acid metabolism. Furthermore, maternal LGG enhanced immunity in newborn piglets, reduced inflammation, and facilitated the establishment of a gut microbiota.
CONCLUSIONS: We provide the first evidence that LGG mitigates insulin resistance in sows and enhances offspring survival by modulating the gut microbiota and amino acid metabolism.
摘要：
背景：母猪通常在妊娠晚期和哺乳期出现胰岛素抵抗，导致较低的饲料摄入量和产奶量，这可能导致新生仔猪死亡率更高。已知益生菌鼠李糖乳杆菌GG(LGG)改善胰岛素抗性。然而,补充LGG是否可以改善母猪的胰岛素敏感性并增强泌乳性能，特别是后代的早期存活仍不清楚。因此，我们探讨了妊娠晚期和哺乳期补充LGG对母猪胰岛素敏感性的影响和机制，泌乳性能，和后代的生存。总的来说,20头母猪随机分为LGG组(n=10)和对照组(n=10)。
结果：在母猪中，LGG补充显著改善了妊娠晚期和哺乳期的胰岛素敏感性，增加饲料摄入量，泌乳早期的产奶量和初乳乳糖水平，并提高新生仔猪的存活率。此外，LGG治疗显着重塑了母猪的肠道微生物群，显着增加微生物群的多样性和丰富的胰岛素敏感性相关的益生菌，如乳酸菌，双歧杆菌,和拟杆菌。妊娠后期母猪的血清代谢产物和氨基酸分析也显示，补充LGG后支链氨基酸和犬尿氨酸血清水平降低。进一步的分析强调了LGG减轻妊娠晚期和哺乳期胰岛素抵抗与肠道微生物群重塑和血清氨基酸代谢变化之间的相关性。此外，母体LGG增强新生仔猪的免疫力，减少炎症，并促进了肠道微生物群的建立。
结论：我们提供了第一个证据，表明LGG通过调节肠道菌群和氨基酸代谢来减轻母猪的胰岛素抵抗并提高后代的存活。
结果：在母猪中，LGG补充显著改善了妊娠晚期和哺乳期的胰岛素敏感性，增加饲料摄入量，泌乳早期的产奶量和初乳乳糖水平，并提高新生仔猪的存活率。此外，LGG治疗显着重塑了母猪的肠道微生物群，显着增加微生物群的多样性和丰富的胰岛素敏感性相关的益生菌，如乳酸菌，双歧杆菌,和拟杆菌。妊娠后期母猪的血清代谢产物和氨基酸分析也显示，补充LGG后支链氨基酸和犬尿氨酸血清水平降低。进一步的分析强调了LGG减轻妊娠晚期和哺乳期胰岛素抵抗与肠道微生物群重塑和血清氨基酸代谢变化之间的相关性。此外，母体LGG增强新生仔猪的免疫力，减少炎症，并促进了肠道微生物群的建立。
结论：我们提供了第一个证据，表明LGG通过调节肠道菌群和氨基酸代谢来减轻母猪的胰岛素抵抗并提高后代的存活。
