PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
An international collection of Staphylococcus aureus of clonal complex (CC) 398 from diverse hosts spanning all continents and a 30 year-period is studied based on whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data. The collection consists of publicly available genomic data from 2994 strains and 134 recently sequenced Swiss methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) CC398 strains. A time-calibrated phylogeny reveals the presence of distinct phylogroups present in Asia, North and South America and Europe. European MRSA diverged from methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) at the beginning of the 1950s. Two major European phylogroups (EP4 and EP5), which diverged approximately 1974, are the main drivers of MRSA CC398 spread in Europe. Within EP5, an emergent MRSA lineage spreading among the European horse population (EP5-Leq) diverged approximately 1996 from the pig lineage (EP5-Lpg), and also contains human-related strains. EP5-Leq is characterized by staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) IVa and spa type t011 (CC398-IVa-t011), and EP5-Lpg by CC398-SCCmecVc-t011. The lineage-specific antibiotic resistance and virulence gene patterns are mostly mediated by the acquisition of mobile genetic elements like SCCmec, S. aureus Genomic Islands (SaGIs), prophages and transposons. Different combinations of virulence factors are present on S. aureus pathogenicity islands (SaPIs), and novel antimicrobial resistance gene containing elements are associated with certain lineages expanding in Europe. This WGS-based analysis reveals the actual evolutionary trajectory and epidemiological trend of the international MRSA CC398 population considering host, temporal, geographical and molecular factors. It provides a baseline for global WGS-based One-Health studies of adaptive evolution of MRSA CC398 as well as for local outbreak investigations.
摘要：
基于全基因组测序（WGS）数据，研究了来自遍布各大洲和30年的不同宿主的克隆复合物（CC）398的金黄色葡萄球菌的国际集合。该集合由来自2994个菌株和134个最近测序的瑞士耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)CC398菌株的公开基因组数据组成。时间校准的系统发育揭示了亚洲存在的不同的系统群，北美、南美和欧洲。欧洲MRSA在1950年代初与甲氧西林敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）不同。两个主要的欧洲系统组（EP4和EP5），大约在1974年，是MRSACC398在欧洲传播的主要驱动因素。在EP5中，在欧洲马群中传播的新兴MRSA谱系（EP5-Leq）大约在1996年与猪谱系（EP5-Lpg）不同，还含有与人类相关的菌株。EP5-Leq的特征是葡萄球菌盒染色体mec（SCCmec）IVa和spa型t011（CC398-IVa-t011），和EP5-Lpg通过CC398-SCCmecVc-t011。谱系特异性抗生素抗性和毒力基因模式主要是通过获得可移动的遗传元件如SCCmec介导的，金黄色葡萄球菌基因组群岛(SaGI)，预言和转座子。金黄色葡萄球菌致病性岛（SaPIs）上存在不同的毒力因子组合，和含有新的抗微生物药物抗性基因的元件与在欧洲扩展的某些谱系有关。这项基于WGS的分析揭示了考虑宿主的国际MRSACC398人群的实际进化轨迹和流行病学趋势，temporal,地理和分子因素。它为基于WGS的全球MRSACC398适应性进化的单一健康研究以及当地爆发调查提供了基线。
