Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The global facial mask market grows steadily at 8.5 % annually. However, prolonged use may lead to skin inflammation.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate how various mask types and wearing durations impact skin physiology and aquaporins3 (AQP3) expression in healthy subjects.
METHODS: We used a randomized controlled design to investigate the effects of three types of facial masks (pure water, hyaluronan, and bifida ferment lysate) and four different duration(5, 15, 25, and 40 min) on various skin parameters in volunteers, assessing moisture content, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), sebum, corneocyte size, and AQP3 expression before and after mask application, while also evaluating adverse reactions, discomfort, and noncompliance.
RESULTS: Hydration and TEWL increased at first, then decreased. Sebum increased with all types of masks, particularly after 40 min. Vasodilation and AQP3 expression were linked to mask duration. Corneocyte sizes remained constant. The main adverse reactions were redness (10.71 %, n = 28) and dryness (57.14 %, n = 28), especially with pure water masks lasting over 25 min.
CONCLUSIONS: Short-term use of facial sheet masks (<25 min) benefits skin with improved hydration, reduced redness, and AQP3 activation, while prolonged use can lead to increased dryness and redness.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate how various mask types and wearing durations impact skin physiology and aquaporins3 (AQP3) expression in healthy subjects.
METHODS: We used a randomized controlled design to investigate the effects of three types of facial masks (pure water, hyaluronan, and bifida ferment lysate) and four different duration(5, 15, 25, and 40 min) on various skin parameters in volunteers, assessing moisture content, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), sebum, corneocyte size, and AQP3 expression before and after mask application, while also evaluating adverse reactions, discomfort, and noncompliance.
RESULTS: Hydration and TEWL increased at first, then decreased. Sebum increased with all types of masks, particularly after 40 min. Vasodilation and AQP3 expression were linked to mask duration. Corneocyte sizes remained constant. The main adverse reactions were redness (10.71 %, n = 28) and dryness (57.14 %, n = 28), especially with pure water masks lasting over 25 min.
CONCLUSIONS: Short-term use of facial sheet masks (<25 min) benefits skin with improved hydration, reduced redness, and AQP3 activation, while prolonged use can lead to increased dryness and redness.
摘要：
背景：全球面膜市场以每年8.5%的速度稳步增长。然而,长期使用可能导致皮肤炎症。
目的：研究不同类型的面罩和佩戴时间如何影响健康受试者的皮肤生理学和水通道蛋白3（AQP3）表达。
方法：我们使用随机对照设计来研究三种类型的面膜（纯净水，透明质酸,和双裂发酵裂解物）和四种不同的持续时间（5、15、25和40分钟）对志愿者的各种皮肤参数，评估水分含量，经皮水分流失（TEWL），皮脂,角质细胞大小,和AQP3表达之前和之后的掩模应用，在评估不良反应的同时，不适,和不遵守。
结果：首先水化和TEWL增加，然后减少。所有类型的口罩都会增加皮脂，特别是在40分钟后。血管舒张和AQP3表达与掩蔽持续时间相关。角膜细胞大小保持恒定。主要不良反应为红肿(10.71%,n=28)和干燥度(57.14%，n=28),尤其是使用超过25分钟的纯净水口罩。
结论：短期使用面膜（<25分钟）可改善皮肤的水合作用，减少发红，和AQP3激活，而长时间使用会导致干燥和发红增加。
目的：研究不同类型的面罩和佩戴时间如何影响健康受试者的皮肤生理学和水通道蛋白3（AQP3）表达。
方法：我们使用随机对照设计来研究三种类型的面膜（纯净水，透明质酸,和双裂发酵裂解物）和四种不同的持续时间（5、15、25和40分钟）对志愿者的各种皮肤参数，评估水分含量，经皮水分流失（TEWL），皮脂,角质细胞大小,和AQP3表达之前和之后的掩模应用，在评估不良反应的同时，不适,和不遵守。
结果：首先水化和TEWL增加，然后减少。所有类型的口罩都会增加皮脂，特别是在40分钟后。血管舒张和AQP3表达与掩蔽持续时间相关。角膜细胞大小保持恒定。主要不良反应为红肿(10.71%,n=28)和干燥度(57.14%，n=28),尤其是使用超过25分钟的纯净水口罩。
结论：短期使用面膜（<25分钟）可改善皮肤的水合作用，减少发红，和AQP3激活，而长时间使用会导致干燥和发红增加。
