Abstract：
Global cerebral ischemia (GCI) results in damage to the neurons and leads to cognitive impairments. Berberine (BBR) is known for its neuroprotective qualities. This study aimed to investigate the effects of BBR on memory, Blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, biochemical factors, and neuronal structure. Sixty-three adult male Wistar rats were divided randomly into Sham (21), GCI (21), and GCI + BBR (21) groups. The GCI + BBR group received 50 mg/kg of BBR for 7 days before and 6 h after 20 min of GCI induction. After 24 h, assessments included hippocampal neuronal structure, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) levels, memory performance, and BBB permeability. The GCI + BBR group reduced volume loss in the CA1 and its sublayers (oriens, pyramidal, and radiatum) compared to the GCI group (p < 0.0001, p < 0.001, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Additionally, the GCI + BBR group showed higher pyramidal neuron density (p < 0.0001) and number (p < 0.0001) compared to the GCI group. BBR also decreased MDA levels (p < 0.0001) and increased CAT activity (p < 0.0001) in the GCI + BBR group compared to the GCI group, with GPX and SOD activity approaching Sham levels (p < 0.0001, both). BBR demonstrated significant improvements in short and long-term memory compared to the GCI group (p < 0.01, p < 0.0001, respectively). Furthermore, BBB permeability in the GCI + BBR group was significantly reduced compared to the GCI group (p < 0.0001). These findings demonstrated BBR\'s potential to protect the neurons in the CA1 and BBB structures, enhance antioxidant activity, and alleviate GCI-induced memory impairments.
摘要：
全脑缺血(GCI)导致神经元损伤并导致认知损伤。小檗碱（BBR）以其神经保护特性而闻名。本研究旨在探讨BBR对记忆的影响,血脑屏障（BBB）通透性，生化因素，和神经元结构。将63只成年雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为Sham（21），GCI(21),和GCI+BBR(21)组。GCI+BBR组在GCI诱导前7天和20分钟后6小时接受50mg/kg的BBR。24小时后，评估包括海马神经元结构，过氧化氢酶(CAT),超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），丙二醛（MDA），和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）水平，内存性能,和BBB通透性。GCI+BBR组减少了CA1及其子层的体积损失(东方，锥体,和放射状）与GCI组相比（分别为p<0.0001，p<0.001，p<0.01和p<0.001）。此外,与GCI组相比,GCI+BBR组显示出更高的锥体神经元密度(p<0.0001)和数量(p<0.0001)。与GCI组相比，GCI+BBR组的BBR也降低MDA水平(p<0.0001)和增加CAT活性(p<0.0001)，GPX和SOD活性接近Sham水平（p<0.0001，两者）。与GCI组相比，BBR表现出短期和长期记忆的显着改善（分别为p<0.01，p<0.0001）。此外，与GCI组相比,GCI+BBR组的BBB通透性显著降低(p<0.0001)。这些发现表明BBR具有保护CA1和BBB结构中神经元的潜力，增强抗氧化活性，减轻GCI诱导的记忆障碍。
