Abstract：
Neurodegenerative disorders are diseases characterized by progressive degeneration of neurons and associated structures and are a major global issue growing more widespread as the global population\'s average age increases. Despite several investigations on their etiology, the specific cause of these disorders remains unknown. However, there are few symptomatic therapies to treat these disorders. Polyamines (PAs) (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are being studied for their role in neuroprotection, aging and cognitive impairment. They are ubiquitous polycations which have relatively higher concentrations in the brain and possess pleiotropic biochemical activities, including regulation of gene expression, ion channels, mitochondria Ca2+ transport, autophagy induction, programmed cell death, and many more. Their cellular content is tightly regulated, and substantial evidence indicates that their altered levels and metabolism are strongly implicated in aging, stress, cognitive dysfunction, and neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, dietary polyamine supplementation has been reported to induce anti-aging effects, anti-oxidant effects, and improve locomotor abnormalities, and cognitive dysfunction. Thus, restoring the polyamine level is considered a promising pharmacological strategy to counteract neurodegeneration. This review highlights PAs\' physiological role and the molecular mechanism underpinning their proposed neuroprotective effect in aging and neurodegenerative disorders.
摘要：
神经退行性疾病是以神经元和相关结构的进行性变性为特征的疾病，并且是随着全球人口平均年龄的增加而越来越普遍的主要全球性问题。尽管对其病因进行了多次调查，这些疾病的具体原因尚不清楚。然而,很少有对症疗法来治疗这些疾病。多胺（PA）（腐胺，亚精胺,和精胺）正在研究它们在神经保护中的作用，衰老和认知障碍。它们是普遍存在的聚阳离子，在大脑中浓度相对较高，具有多效性生化活性，包括基因表达的调节，离子通道,线粒体Ca2+转运，自噬诱导，程序性细胞死亡，还有更多。它们的细胞含量受到严格的调节，大量证据表明，它们的水平和新陈代谢的改变与衰老密切相关，压力，认知功能障碍，和神经退行性疾病。此外,据报道，膳食多胺补充剂具有抗衰老作用，抗氧化作用，改善运动异常，和认知功能障碍。因此，恢复多胺水平被认为是对抗神经变性的有希望的药理学策略。这篇综述强调了PAs的生理作用和支持其在衰老和神经退行性疾病中提出的神经保护作用的分子机制。
