Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Factors associated with cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 remain understudied.
OBJECTIVE: Here we investigate the occurrence and risk factors of arrythmias, myocardial infarction and/or stroke, and thromboembolism in the course of COVID-19.
METHODS: We have performed an observational study with prospectively designed data collection. Data of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who were admitted from March 6th 2020 to November 30th 2021 in our Hospital were analyzed. Logistic regression was used to identify variables associated with the odds of early hospital death due to COVID-19.
RESULTS: Fourteen-point three percent of 1964 patients had cardiovascular complications, 6.36 % arrhythmias, 5.5 % thromboembolic events and 2.39 % myocardial infarction and/or stroke. Factors independently increasing the odds of arrhythmia were older age (OR=1.49 [95 % CI: 1.17-1.92], p = 0.02), longer time between admission and the first onset of symptoms (1.02 [0.99-1.05], p = 0.049), concomitant atrial fibrillation/flutter (2.84 [1.37-5.70], p = 0.004), nicotinism (2.49 [1.37-4.49], p = 0.002), and eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73m2 (2.44 [1.08-5.59], p = 0.033). Factors independently increasing the odds of myocardial infarction and/or stroke were dementia (4.55 [0.97-19.3], p = 0.044), hemiplegia (12.67 [3.12-46.1], p < 0.001), nicotinism (3.36 [1.30-10.4], p = 0.013) and higher C-reactive protein concentration (1.01 [1.00-1.01], p = 0.040). Factors independently increasing the odds of thromboembolic events were longer hospitalization (1.08 [1.05-1.10], p < 0.001) and higher d-dimers (1.04 [1.02-1.05], <0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The risk of cardiovascular complications was especially pronounced in patients with older age, pre-existing cardiovascular disease and more sever pneumonia at presentation to care. This underlines the importance of close and careful clinical follow-up in the course of COVID-19 for specific patients\' populations, including a pro-active approach in diagnosis.
OBJECTIVE: Here we investigate the occurrence and risk factors of arrythmias, myocardial infarction and/or stroke, and thromboembolism in the course of COVID-19.
METHODS: We have performed an observational study with prospectively designed data collection. Data of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who were admitted from March 6th 2020 to November 30th 2021 in our Hospital were analyzed. Logistic regression was used to identify variables associated with the odds of early hospital death due to COVID-19.
RESULTS: Fourteen-point three percent of 1964 patients had cardiovascular complications, 6.36 % arrhythmias, 5.5 % thromboembolic events and 2.39 % myocardial infarction and/or stroke. Factors independently increasing the odds of arrhythmia were older age (OR=1.49 [95 % CI: 1.17-1.92], p = 0.02), longer time between admission and the first onset of symptoms (1.02 [0.99-1.05], p = 0.049), concomitant atrial fibrillation/flutter (2.84 [1.37-5.70], p = 0.004), nicotinism (2.49 [1.37-4.49], p = 0.002), and eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73m2 (2.44 [1.08-5.59], p = 0.033). Factors independently increasing the odds of myocardial infarction and/or stroke were dementia (4.55 [0.97-19.3], p = 0.044), hemiplegia (12.67 [3.12-46.1], p < 0.001), nicotinism (3.36 [1.30-10.4], p = 0.013) and higher C-reactive protein concentration (1.01 [1.00-1.01], p = 0.040). Factors independently increasing the odds of thromboembolic events were longer hospitalization (1.08 [1.05-1.10], p < 0.001) and higher d-dimers (1.04 [1.02-1.05], <0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The risk of cardiovascular complications was especially pronounced in patients with older age, pre-existing cardiovascular disease and more sever pneumonia at presentation to care. This underlines the importance of close and careful clinical follow-up in the course of COVID-19 for specific patients\' populations, including a pro-active approach in diagnosis.
摘要：
背景：与COVID-19心血管并发症相关的因素仍未得到充分研究。
目的：在这里我们调查心律失常的发生和危险因素，心肌梗死和/或中风，和COVID-19过程中的血栓栓塞。
方法：我们进行了一项前瞻性设计数据收集的观察性研究。对我院2020年3月6日至2021年11月30日收治的COVID-19患者数据进行分析。Logistic回归用于确定与COVID-19早期住院死亡几率相关的变量。
结果：1964年患者中有百分之十四有心血管并发症，6.36%心律失常，5.5%的血栓栓塞事件和2.39%的心肌梗死和/或卒中。增加心律失常几率的独立因素是年龄较大（OR=1.49[95％CI：1.17-1.92]，p=0.02),从入院到首次出现症状的时间更长（1.02[0.99-1.05]，p=0.049),合并房颤/扑动（2.84[1.37-5.70]，p=0.004),烟碱（2.49[1.37-4.49]，p=0.002),和eGFR<60毫升/分钟/1.73平方米（2.44[1.08-5.59]，p=0.033)。增加心肌梗死和/或卒中几率的独立因素是痴呆（4.55[0.97-19.3]，p=0.044),偏瘫（12.67[3.12-46.1]，p<0.001)，烟碱主义（3.36[1.30-10.4]，p=0.013）和更高的C反应蛋白浓度（1.01[1.00-1.01]，p=0.040)。增加血栓栓塞事件几率的独立因素是住院时间延长(1.08[1.05-1.10],p<0.001）和更高的d-二聚体（1.04[1.02-1.05]，<0.001)。
结论：老年患者心血管并发症的风险尤其明显，在就诊时预先存在的心血管疾病和更严重的肺炎。这突显了在COVID-19治疗过程中对特定患者人群进行密切和仔细的临床随访的重要性，包括积极的诊断方法。
目的：在这里我们调查心律失常的发生和危险因素，心肌梗死和/或中风，和COVID-19过程中的血栓栓塞。
方法：我们进行了一项前瞻性设计数据收集的观察性研究。对我院2020年3月6日至2021年11月30日收治的COVID-19患者数据进行分析。Logistic回归用于确定与COVID-19早期住院死亡几率相关的变量。
结果：1964年患者中有百分之十四有心血管并发症，6.36%心律失常，5.5%的血栓栓塞事件和2.39%的心肌梗死和/或卒中。增加心律失常几率的独立因素是年龄较大（OR=1.49[95％CI：1.17-1.92]，p=0.02),从入院到首次出现症状的时间更长（1.02[0.99-1.05]，p=0.049),合并房颤/扑动（2.84[1.37-5.70]，p=0.004),烟碱（2.49[1.37-4.49]，p=0.002),和eGFR<60毫升/分钟/1.73平方米（2.44[1.08-5.59]，p=0.033)。增加心肌梗死和/或卒中几率的独立因素是痴呆（4.55[0.97-19.3]，p=0.044),偏瘫（12.67[3.12-46.1]，p<0.001)，烟碱主义（3.36[1.30-10.4]，p=0.013）和更高的C反应蛋白浓度（1.01[1.00-1.01]，p=0.040)。增加血栓栓塞事件几率的独立因素是住院时间延长(1.08[1.05-1.10],p<0.001）和更高的d-二聚体（1.04[1.02-1.05]，<0.001)。
结论：老年患者心血管并发症的风险尤其明显，在就诊时预先存在的心血管疾病和更严重的肺炎。这突显了在COVID-19治疗过程中对特定患者人群进行密切和仔细的临床随访的重要性，包括积极的诊断方法。
