Abstract：
Gastrointestinal helminth infection, particularly by Haemonchus contortus, poses significant challenges to sheep farming worldwide. While anthelmintic drugs have been traditional control measures, the emergence of resistance calls for alternative strategies. Understanding the interaction between parasites, host, and their microbiome is crucial for management of helminth infection. This study intricately explores the interactions between microbial communities in Kashmir Merino sheep infected with H. contortus, to understand the complex interplay between host, parasite, and their microbiome. Sheep abomasal contents and H. contortus were collected from infected and control groups, processed for DNA extraction, and subjected to metagenomic sequencing of the 16 S rRNA gene. Downstream analysis unveils distinct microbial patterns, where Proteobacteria were dominant in H. contortus, while Bacteroidota and Firmicutes prevailed in the sheep abomasum. The revelation of unique genera and shifts in diversity indices underscored helminth-induced disruptions in the host. Beta diversity analysis further showed significant variations in bacterial profiles, providing insights into the intricate host, parasite, and microbiome dynamics. Additionally, this study elucidated the presence of pathogenic bacteria within H. contortus, accentuating their potential role in exacerbating sheep health issues. This finding underscores the complexity of the host-parasite-microbiome interaction showing helminth-induced microbiome alterations of the host.
摘要：
胃肠道蠕虫感染,特别是由Haemonchuscontortus，对全世界的羊养殖构成重大挑战。虽然驱虫药一直是传统的控制措施，阻力的出现需要替代策略。了解寄生虫之间的相互作用，host,它们的微生物群对蠕虫感染的管理至关重要。这项研究错综复杂地探索了感染H.contortus的克什米尔美利奴羊的微生物群落之间的相互作用，为了理解宿主之间复杂的相互作用，寄生虫,和他们的微生物组。从感染组和对照组收集绵羊的鼻孔内容物和扭曲H.处理DNA提取，并对16SrRNA基因进行宏基因组测序。下游分析揭示了不同的微生物模式，变形菌在变形菌中占主导地位，而假杆菌和Firmicutes在绵羊的皱胃中盛行。独特属的启示和多样性指数的变化突显了蠕虫引起的宿主破坏。β多样性分析进一步显示细菌谱的显着差异，提供对复杂主机的见解，寄生虫,和微生物组动态。此外,这项研究阐明了H.contortus中致病菌的存在，强调它们在加剧绵羊健康问题方面的潜在作用。这一发现强调了宿主-寄生虫-微生物组相互作用的复杂性，显示了蠕虫诱导的宿主微生物组改变。
