Abstract：
Thyroid nodules are widely prevalent, and often discovered incidentally. Malignancy rates are low for incidental thyroid nodules, and overall outcomes are favorable regardless of diagnosis. Patients with thyroid nodules should be evaluated with TSH levels followed by ultrasound of the thyroid and cervical lymph nodes. It is important to recognize sonographic features suspicious for thyroid malignancy and obtain biopsies when indicated according to major society guidelines. The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology along with molecular testing can help guide management decisions regarding thyroid nodules. Surgical resection and other emerging technologies are safe and effective for the treatment of thyroid nodules needing intervention.
摘要：
甲状腺结节广泛流行，经常偶然发现。偶发甲状腺结节的恶性率低，无论诊断如何，总体结局都是有利的。甲状腺结节患者应进行TSH水平评估，然后对甲状腺和颈部淋巴结进行超声检查。重要的是要识别可疑甲状腺恶性肿瘤的超声特征，并根据主要社会指南进行活检。Bethesda甲状腺细胞病理学报告系统以及分子检测可以帮助指导有关甲状腺结节的管理决策。手术切除等新兴技术对于需要介入治疗的甲状腺结节是安全有效的。
