Abstract：
Depersonalisation-derealisation disorder (DDD) is characterised by distressing experiences of separation from oneself and/or one\'s surroundings, potentially resulting from alterations in affective, cognitive, and physiological functions. This systematic review aimed to synthesise current experimental evidence of relevance to proposed mechanisms underlying DDD, to appraise existing theoretical models, and to inform future research and theoretical developments. Studies were included if they tested explicit hypotheses in DDD samples, with experimental manipulations of at least one independent variable, alongside behavioural, subjective, neurological, affective and/or physiological dependent variables. Some evidence for diminished subjective responsivity to aversive images and sounds, and hyperactivation in neurocircuits associated with emotional regulation when viewing aversive images emerged, corroborating neurobiological models of DDD. Inconsistencies were present regarding behavioural and autonomic responsivity to facial expressions, emotional memory, and self-referential processing. Common confounds included small sample sizes, medication, and comorbidities. Alterations in affective reactivity and regulation appear to be present in DDD; however, further research employing more rigorous research designs is required to provide stronger evidence for these possible mechanisms.
摘要：
去个性化-去现实障碍（DDD）的特征是与自己和/或周围环境分离的痛苦经历，可能是由于情感的改变，认知，和生理功能。本系统综述旨在综合当前与DDD潜在机制相关的实验证据，为了评估现有的理论模型，并为未来的研究和理论发展提供信息。如果他们在DDD样本中测试了明确的假设，通过对至少一个自变量的实验操作，除了行为，主观,神经学,情感和/或生理因变量。一些证据表明，对厌恶的图像和声音的主观反应减弱，当观看厌恶的图像时，神经回路中与情绪调节相关的过度激活出现了，证实DDD的神经生物学模型。关于面部表情的行为和自主神经反应存在不一致，情感记忆,和自我参照处理。常见的困惑包括小样本量，药物,和合并症。DDD中似乎存在情感反应和调节的变化；然而，需要采用更严格的研究设计的进一步研究，为这些可能的机制提供更有力的证据。
