Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of Thunbergia laurifolia L. extract (TLE) on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a rat model.
METHODS: Thunbergia laurifolin L. leaves were subjected to ethanolic extraction. In vivo study, 50 pregnant rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (10 for each): non-GDM group, GDM induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg i.p.), metformin (MET) 100 mg/kg, TLE 50, and 500 mg/kg groups. Administration was performed on gestation day 7 until term (day 21). The effects of TLE on blood glucose, insulin levels, lipid profiles, liver enzymes, and maternal performances were assessed. In in vitro study, the effect of TLE was examined using the organ bath for uterine force measurement.
RESULTS: In in vivo study, TLE significantly reduced blood glucose as compared to GDM (P<0.05) with gradually increased insulin level. This effect was consistent with islets of Langerhans restoration. Histologically, the uterine muscular layer displayed a marked increase in fiber area in response to both doses as compared to GDM (P<0.05). Additionally, TLE significantly reduced total cholesterol, triglyceride, and alanine transaminase levels (P<0.05). Intriguingly, TLE also led to a notable augmentation in gravid uterus size, live fetuses count, and implantation numbers, while significantly reducing the post-implantation loss rate associated with fetal classification (P<0.05). Thus, GDM improvements were close to those produced by MET. In in vitro study, TLE exerted a concentration-dependent inhibition of spontaneous uterine contractility (half-maximal inhibition concentration=1.2 mg/L). This inhibitory effect extended to potassium chloride depolarization and oxytocin-mediated contractions. When combined with its major constituent, rosmarinic acid, TLE produced an enhanced inhibitory effect (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: TLE ameliorated blood glucose levels, enhanced uterine muscular structure, and improved maternal and fetal performance in GDM. TLE also displayed tocolytic properties. These findings underscore the need for further exploration of TLE as a potential tocolytic agent to mitigate GDM-associated complications.
METHODS: Thunbergia laurifolin L. leaves were subjected to ethanolic extraction. In vivo study, 50 pregnant rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (10 for each): non-GDM group, GDM induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg i.p.), metformin (MET) 100 mg/kg, TLE 50, and 500 mg/kg groups. Administration was performed on gestation day 7 until term (day 21). The effects of TLE on blood glucose, insulin levels, lipid profiles, liver enzymes, and maternal performances were assessed. In in vitro study, the effect of TLE was examined using the organ bath for uterine force measurement.
RESULTS: In in vivo study, TLE significantly reduced blood glucose as compared to GDM (P<0.05) with gradually increased insulin level. This effect was consistent with islets of Langerhans restoration. Histologically, the uterine muscular layer displayed a marked increase in fiber area in response to both doses as compared to GDM (P<0.05). Additionally, TLE significantly reduced total cholesterol, triglyceride, and alanine transaminase levels (P<0.05). Intriguingly, TLE also led to a notable augmentation in gravid uterus size, live fetuses count, and implantation numbers, while significantly reducing the post-implantation loss rate associated with fetal classification (P<0.05). Thus, GDM improvements were close to those produced by MET. In in vitro study, TLE exerted a concentration-dependent inhibition of spontaneous uterine contractility (half-maximal inhibition concentration=1.2 mg/L). This inhibitory effect extended to potassium chloride depolarization and oxytocin-mediated contractions. When combined with its major constituent, rosmarinic acid, TLE produced an enhanced inhibitory effect (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: TLE ameliorated blood glucose levels, enhanced uterine muscular structure, and improved maternal and fetal performance in GDM. TLE also displayed tocolytic properties. These findings underscore the need for further exploration of TLE as a potential tocolytic agent to mitigate GDM-associated complications.
摘要：
目的：评价黄芩提取物(TLE)对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)大鼠模型的影响。
方法：用乙醇抽提法提取黄芩叶。体内研究,将50只孕鼠随机分为5组(每组10只):非GDM组,链脲佐菌素（STZ，60mg/kg腹膜内注射），二甲双胍（MET）100mg/kg，TLE50和500mg/kg组。在妊娠第7天进行给药直至足月(第21天)。TLE对血糖的影响，胰岛素水平，脂质分布，肝酶，并对产妇表现进行了评估。在体外研究中，使用器官浴测量子宫力检查TLE的作用。
结果：在体内研究中，与GDM相比，TLE显着降低血糖（P<0.05），胰岛素水平逐渐升高。这种作用与胰岛的恢复是一致的。组织学上,与GDM相比，子宫肌层对两种剂量的反应均显示纤维面积显着增加（P<0.05）。此外,TLE显著降低总胆固醇，甘油三酯，丙氨酸转氨酶水平(P<0.05)。有趣的是，TLE还导致妊娠子宫大小显著增加，活胎儿数,和植入数量，同时显着降低与胎儿分类相关的植入后损失率（P<0.05）。因此，GDM的改进接近MET的改进。在体外研究中，TLE对自发性子宫收缩性具有浓度依赖性抑制作用（半最大抑制浓度=1.2mg/L）。这种抑制作用扩展到氯化钾去极化和催产素介导的收缩。当结合其主要成分时，迷迭香酸,TLE产生增强的抑制作用(P<0.05)。
结论：TLE改善了血糖水平，增强子宫肌肉结构，并改善GDM的母体和胎儿表现。TLE还显示出保胎性质。这些发现强调需要进一步探索TLE作为减轻GDM相关并发症的潜在保胎剂。
方法：用乙醇抽提法提取黄芩叶。体内研究,将50只孕鼠随机分为5组(每组10只):非GDM组,链脲佐菌素（STZ，60mg/kg腹膜内注射），二甲双胍（MET）100mg/kg，TLE50和500mg/kg组。在妊娠第7天进行给药直至足月(第21天)。TLE对血糖的影响，胰岛素水平，脂质分布，肝酶，并对产妇表现进行了评估。在体外研究中，使用器官浴测量子宫力检查TLE的作用。
结果：在体内研究中，与GDM相比，TLE显着降低血糖（P<0.05），胰岛素水平逐渐升高。这种作用与胰岛的恢复是一致的。组织学上,与GDM相比，子宫肌层对两种剂量的反应均显示纤维面积显着增加（P<0.05）。此外,TLE显著降低总胆固醇，甘油三酯，丙氨酸转氨酶水平(P<0.05)。有趣的是，TLE还导致妊娠子宫大小显著增加，活胎儿数,和植入数量，同时显着降低与胎儿分类相关的植入后损失率（P<0.05）。因此，GDM的改进接近MET的改进。在体外研究中，TLE对自发性子宫收缩性具有浓度依赖性抑制作用（半最大抑制浓度=1.2mg/L）。这种抑制作用扩展到氯化钾去极化和催产素介导的收缩。当结合其主要成分时，迷迭香酸,TLE产生增强的抑制作用(P<0.05)。
结论：TLE改善了血糖水平，增强子宫肌肉结构，并改善GDM的母体和胎儿表现。TLE还显示出保胎性质。这些发现强调需要进一步探索TLE作为减轻GDM相关并发症的潜在保胎剂。
