Abstract：
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are major metabolites produced by the gut microbiota through the fermentation of dietary fiber, and they have garnered significant attention due to their close association with host health. As important mediators between the gut microbiota and the host, SCFAs serve as energy substrates for intestinal epithelial cells and maintain homeostasis in host immune and energy metabolism by influencing host epigenetics, activating G protein-coupled receptors, and inhibiting pathogenic microbial infections. This review provides a comprehensive summary of SCFAs synthesis and metabolism and offering an overview of the latest research progress on their roles in protecting gut health, enhancing energy metabolism, mitigating diseases such as cancer, obesity, and diabetes, modulating the gut-brain axis and gut-lung axis, and promoting bone health.
摘要：
短链脂肪酸(SCFA)是肠道微生物通过膳食纤维发酵产生的主要代谢产物,由于与宿主健康密切相关，它们引起了极大的关注。作为肠道微生物群和宿主之间的重要介质，SCFA作为肠上皮细胞的能量底物，通过影响宿主表观遗传学来维持宿主免疫和能量代谢的稳态，激活G蛋白偶联受体，抑制病原微生物感染。本文对SCFAs的合成和代谢进行了全面的综述，并对其在保护肠道健康方面的最新研究进展进行了综述。增强能量代谢，缓解癌症等疾病，肥胖，糖尿病,调节肠-脑轴和肠-肺轴，促进骨骼健康。
