Abstract：
Circadian rhythms, the natural cycles of physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a roughly 24-hour cycle, are known to have a profound effect on the human body. Light plays an important role in the regulation of circadian rhythm in human body. When light from the outside enters the eyes, cones, rods, and specialized retinal ganglion cells receive the light signal and transmit it to the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. The central rhythm oscillator of the suprachiasmatic nucleus regulates the rhythm oscillator of tissues all over the body. Circadian rhythms, the natural cycles of physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a roughly 24-hour cycle, are known to have a profound effect on the human body. As the largest organ in the human body, skin plays an important role in the peripheral circadian rhythm regulation system. Like photoreceptor cells in the retina, melanocytes express opsins. Studies show that melanocytes in the skin are also sensitive to light, allowing the skin to \"see\" light even without the eyes. Upon receiving light signals, melanocytes in the skin release hormones that maintain homeostasis. This process is called \"photoneuroendocrinology\", which supports the health effects of light exposure. However, inappropriate light exposure, such as prolonged work in dark environments or exposure to artificial light at night, can disrupt circadian rhythms. Such disruptions are linked to a variety of health issues, emphasizing the need for proper light management in daily life. Conversely, harnessing light\'s beneficial effects through phototherapy is gaining attention as an adjunctive treatment modality. Despite these advancements, the field of circadian rhythm research still faces several unresolved issues and emerging challenges. One of the most exciting prospects is the use of the skin\'s photosensitivity to treat diseases. This approach could revolutionize how we think about and manage various health conditions, leveraging the skin\'s unique ability to respond to light for therapeutic purposes. As research continues to unravel the complexities of circadian rhythms and their impact on health, the potential for innovative treatments and improved wellbeing is immense.
摘要：
昼夜节律，自然的物理循环，心理，和行为的变化遵循大约24小时的周期，已知对人体有深远的影响。光在人体昼夜节律的调节中起着重要作用。当外界光线进入眼睛时，锥体,棒,专门的视网膜神经节细胞接收光信号并将其传输到下丘脑的视交叉上核。视交叉上核的中心节律振荡器调节全身组织的节律振荡器。昼夜节律，自然的物理循环，心理，和行为的变化遵循大约24小时的周期，已知对人体有深远的影响。作为人体最大的器官，皮肤在外周昼夜节律调节系统中起着重要作用。像视网膜中的感光细胞一样，黑素细胞表达视蛋白。研究表明，皮肤中的黑素细胞也对光敏感，即使没有眼睛，也能让皮肤“看到”光。一收到光信号,黑素细胞在皮肤释放激素，维持稳态。这个过程被称为“光神经内分泌学”支持光照对健康的影响。然而,不适当的光线照射，例如在黑暗环境中长时间工作或在夜间暴露于人造光，会扰乱昼夜节律。这种破坏与各种健康问题有关，强调在日常生活中需要适当的光管理。相反，通过光疗利用光的有益作用作为一种辅助治疗方式正在引起人们的注意。尽管取得了这些进步,昼夜节律研究领域仍面临一些尚未解决的问题和新出现的挑战。最令人兴奋的前景之一是使用皮肤的光敏性来治疗疾病。这种方法可以彻底改变我们思考和管理各种健康状况的方式，利用皮肤对光的独特反应能力来达到治疗目的。随着研究继续揭示昼夜节律的复杂性及其对健康的影响，创新治疗和改善福祉的潜力是巨大的。
