Abstract：
Epigenetics refers to heritable changes in gene expression and function that impact nuclear processes associated with chromatin, all without altering DNA sequences. These epigenetic patterns, being heritable traits, are vital biological mechanisms that intricately regulate gene expression and heredity. The application of chemical labeling and single-cell resolution mapping strategies has significantly facilitated large-scale epigenetic modifications in nucleic acids over recent years. Notably, epigenetic modifications can induce heritable phenotypic changes, regulate cell differentiation, influence cell-specific gene expression, parentally imprint genes, activate the X chromosome, and stabilize genome structure. Given their reversibility and susceptibility to environmental factors, epigenetic modifications have gained prominence in disease diagnosis, significantly impacting clinical medicine research. Recent studies have uncovered strong links between epigenetic modifications and the pathogenesis of metabolic cardiovascular diseases, including congenital heart disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the progress in epigenetic research within the context of cardiovascular diseases, encompassing their pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Furthermore, we shed light on the potential prospects of nucleic acid epigenetic modifications as a promising avenue in clinical medicine and biomedical applications.
摘要：
表观遗传学是指影响与染色质相关的核过程的基因表达和功能的可遗传变化。都不改变DNA序列.这些表观遗传模式，作为遗传性状，是复杂调节基因表达和遗传的重要生物学机制。近年来，化学标记和单细胞分辨率作图策略的应用极大地促进了核酸中的大规模表观遗传修饰。值得注意的是,表观遗传修饰可以诱导可遗传的表型变化，调节细胞分化，影响细胞特异性基因表达，父母印记基因，激活X染色体,稳定基因组结构。鉴于它们的可逆性和对环境因素的敏感性，表观遗传修饰在疾病诊断中得到了重视，显着影响临床医学研究。最近的研究揭示了表观遗传修饰与代谢性心血管疾病发病机制之间的紧密联系。包括先天性心脏病,心力衰竭,心肌病,高血压,和动脉粥样硬化。在这次审查中,我们概述了心血管疾病背景下的表观遗传学研究进展，包括它们的发病机理，预防,诊断,和治疗。此外，我们揭示了核酸表观遗传修饰在临床医学和生物医学应用中的潜在前景。
