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Abstract：
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a rare but serious complication in patients with solid tumors. It is characterized by a complex array of metabolic disturbances and clinical symptoms, resulting from the release of cellular contents into the bloodstream after tumor cell lysis. The present study reports the case of a patient with advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who developed TLS following combined treatment with PD-1 inhibitors and first-line chemotherapy. The treatment strategy included intravenous fluid replacement, urine alkalinization, uric acid reduction, renal protection and electrolyte stabilization, leading to the normalization of laboratory values. After one cycle of the combined therapy, the patient achieved a partial response, classified using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours 1.1 criteria. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of TLS in a patient with advanced lung SCC receiving concurrent PD-1 inhibitor and chemotherapy treatment. Given the increasing use of PD-1 inhibitors, it is essential to remain vigilant about the potential for TLS in solid tumors. Prompt intervention in high-risk patients, ongoing monitoring after treatment, and early detection of TLS are vital to improve patient adherence, ensure continuity of care and enhance outcomes.
摘要：
肿瘤溶解综合征（TLS）是实体瘤患者的一种罕见但严重的并发症。它的特点是一系列复杂的代谢紊乱和临床症状，肿瘤细胞裂解后细胞内容物释放到血流中。本研究报告了一例晚期肺鳞状细胞癌（SCC）患者，该患者在PD-1抑制剂和一线化疗联合治疗后发展了TLS。治疗策略包括静脉补液，尿液碱化,尿酸减少，肾脏保护和电解质稳定，导致实验室值的正常化。经过一个周期的联合治疗，病人取得了部分反应，使用实体瘤的反应评估标准进行分类1.1标准。据我们所知,这是1例晚期肺SCC患者同时接受PD-1抑制剂和化疗的TLS病例.鉴于PD-1抑制剂的使用越来越多，必须对TLS在实体瘤中的潜力保持警惕.及时对高危患者进行干预,治疗后持续监测，早期检测TLS对提高患者依从性至关重要，确保护理的连续性并提高结果。
