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Abstract：
Background The most prevalent form of head-neck cancer is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Apart from all sites like the tongue, labial mucosa, and buccal mucosa, the prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is more common in gingivobuccal sulcus due to the habit of keeping tobacco quid. With regards to anatomical relationships in the mouth and proximity to bone, OSCC invades the maxilla and mandible. However, bone invasion significantly influences the pathological staging of OSCC. Histological parameters such as Brandwein-Gensler worst pattern of invasion (WPOI), lymphocytic host response (LHR), and perineural invasion (PNI) hold significance for determining the need for adjuvant therapy. This study aims to correlate Brandwein-Gensler Criteria (BGC) with bone invasion and also to include the bone invasion criteria as a prognostic parameter in OSCC. This study aimed to assess bone invasion and correlate it with Brandwein-Gensler criteria in OSCC. Methods The research was conducted retrospectively, analyzing 65 cases of OSCC that underwent surgical intervention. Data was gathered from the Oral Pathology department\'s archives at Sharad Pawar Dental College (SPDC), Wardha. Pathologists assessed bone invasion without the knowledge of other factors to minimize bias. Subsequently, the cases were classified into well-differentiated (WDSCC), moderately differentiated (MDSCC), and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas (PDSCC) based on histological grading, followed by the evaluation of WPOI, LHR, and PNI using the Brandwein-Gensler risk scoring system. Results This study found a notable association between bone invasion and BGC, with a calculated significance level of p = 0.047. LHR shows patterns as 1, 2, and 3. There were five (7.6%) cases with pattern III, 45 (69.23%) cases with pattern II, and 15 (23.08%) cases with pattern I. Similarly, PNI is scored as 0, 1, and 3. There were seven (10.77%) cases with score 3, 17 (26.15%) with score 1, and 41 (63.03%) with score 0. In the case of the WOPI, which is classified as patterns I to V, there were seven (10.77%) cases with pattern V, 27 (41.54%) cases with pattern IV, 23 (35.38%) cases with pattern III, and eight (12.231%) cases with pattern II, whereas no cases were noted with pattern I. Conclusion Although bone invasion and BGC are independent parameters, the BGC score should be considered in treatment planning. Patients with bone invasion and those with a higher BGC score should be strongly considered for adjuvant treatment.
摘要：
背景技术头颈部癌的最常见形式是鳞状细胞癌(SCC)。除了舌头等所有部位，唇粘膜，和颊粘膜，由于习惯保留烟草，口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）的患病率在牙龈颊沟中更为常见。关于口腔中的解剖关系和与骨骼的接近度，OSCC侵入上颌骨和下颌骨。然而,骨侵犯显著影响OSCC的病理分期。组织学参数，如Brandwein-Gensler最差入侵模式（WPOI），淋巴细胞宿主反应（LHR），和神经周浸润（PNI）对于确定是否需要辅助治疗具有重要意义。这项研究旨在将Brandwein-Gensler标准（BGC）与骨侵入相关联，并将骨侵入标准作为OSCC的预后参数。这项研究旨在评估骨侵袭，并将其与OSCC中的Brandwein-Gensler标准相关联。方法回顾性研究,分析65例接受手术干预的OSCC。数据来自SharadPawar牙科学院(SPDC)口腔病理学系的档案，瓦尔达.病理学家在不了解其他因素的情况下评估骨浸润，以最大程度地减少偏倚。随后，病例分为高分化（WDSCC），中度分化（MDSCC），和低分化鳞状细胞癌（PDSCC）基于组织学分级，其次是对WPOI的评估，LHR,和PNI使用Brandwein-Gensler风险评分系统。结果本研究发现骨侵袭与BGC之间存在显着关联，计算的显著性水平为p=0.047。LHR显示模式为1、2和3。有5例(7.6%)为模式III,II型45例(69.23%),和15例(23.08%)具有模式I的病例。同样，PNI得分为0、1和3。3分7例（10.77%），1分17例（26.15%），0分41例（63.03%）。在WOPI的情况下，被分类为模式I到V，有7例(10.77%)为V型，IV型27例（41.54%），23例(35.38%)为III型，和8例(12.231%)具有模式II的病例，而没有病例出现I型。结论虽然骨侵袭和BGC是独立的参数，治疗计划中应考虑BGC评分.骨侵犯患者和BGC评分较高的患者应强烈考虑进行辅助治疗。
