PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Saudi Arabia has a higher rate of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) than most other countries. There is a paucity of data on the risk factors for GDM, particularly positive screening for diabetes in the initial period of pregnancy.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of confirmed GDM in pregnant women who initially screened positive for GDM, as well as to identify its association with age, nationality, and clinical risk factors.
METHODS: This case-control study was conducted retrospectively at a tertiary referral center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. It included pregnant women who were referred between January 2019 and December 2022 after having tested positive on a 50 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). They subsequently underwent a 75 g or 100 g confirmatory OGTT at our center. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of those with confirmed GDM (cases) and those with negative confirmatory OGTT (controls) were compared.
RESULTS: The majority of participants (75.4%) had confirmed GDM. However, there were no significant differences between cases and controls with regard to age, nationality, or clinical or pregnancy-related factors. Of note, the cohort was characterized by high gravidity and high parity, which may indicate susceptibility to GDM.
CONCLUSIONS: The study findings support the usefulness of the 50 g OGTT for the screening of pregnant women at high risk for GDM. In addition, high gravidity and parity may also be risk factors for GDM, warranting closer monitoring for GDM and further research in a high-natality population such as that of Saudi Arabia.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of confirmed GDM in pregnant women who initially screened positive for GDM, as well as to identify its association with age, nationality, and clinical risk factors.
METHODS: This case-control study was conducted retrospectively at a tertiary referral center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. It included pregnant women who were referred between January 2019 and December 2022 after having tested positive on a 50 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). They subsequently underwent a 75 g or 100 g confirmatory OGTT at our center. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of those with confirmed GDM (cases) and those with negative confirmatory OGTT (controls) were compared.
RESULTS: The majority of participants (75.4%) had confirmed GDM. However, there were no significant differences between cases and controls with regard to age, nationality, or clinical or pregnancy-related factors. Of note, the cohort was characterized by high gravidity and high parity, which may indicate susceptibility to GDM.
CONCLUSIONS: The study findings support the usefulness of the 50 g OGTT for the screening of pregnant women at high risk for GDM. In addition, high gravidity and parity may also be risk factors for GDM, warranting closer monitoring for GDM and further research in a high-natality population such as that of Saudi Arabia.
摘要：
背景：沙特阿拉伯的妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）患病率高于大多数其他国家。关于GDM风险因素的数据很少，特别是在怀孕初期对糖尿病进行积极的筛查。
目的：本研究的目的是确定最初筛查GDM阳性的孕妇中确诊GDM的患病率。以及确定它与年龄的关系，国籍,和临床危险因素。
方法：这项病例对照研究是在吉达的三级转诊中心进行的，沙特阿拉伯。它包括在2019年1月至2022年12月期间在50g口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）测试呈阳性后转诊的孕妇。随后，他们在我们中心接受了75g或100g验证性OGTT。比较了确诊GDM患者（病例）和确诊OGTT阴性患者（对照）的社会人口统计学和临床特征。
结果：大多数参与者（75.4%）已确认GDM。然而,病例和对照组在年龄方面没有显着差异，国籍,或临床或妊娠相关因素。值得注意的是，该队列的特征是高妊娠率和高产次，这可能表明对GDM的易感性。
结论：研究结果支持50gOGTT用于筛查GDM高危孕妇。此外,高妊娠率和均等率也可能是GDM的危险因素，保证对GDM进行更密切的监测，并在沙特阿拉伯等高出生人口中进行进一步研究。
目的：本研究的目的是确定最初筛查GDM阳性的孕妇中确诊GDM的患病率。以及确定它与年龄的关系，国籍,和临床危险因素。
方法：这项病例对照研究是在吉达的三级转诊中心进行的，沙特阿拉伯。它包括在2019年1月至2022年12月期间在50g口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）测试呈阳性后转诊的孕妇。随后，他们在我们中心接受了75g或100g验证性OGTT。比较了确诊GDM患者（病例）和确诊OGTT阴性患者（对照）的社会人口统计学和临床特征。
结果：大多数参与者（75.4%）已确认GDM。然而,病例和对照组在年龄方面没有显着差异，国籍,或临床或妊娠相关因素。值得注意的是，该队列的特征是高妊娠率和高产次，这可能表明对GDM的易感性。
结论：研究结果支持50gOGTT用于筛查GDM高危孕妇。此外,高妊娠率和均等率也可能是GDM的危险因素，保证对GDM进行更密切的监测，并在沙特阿拉伯等高出生人口中进行进一步研究。
