PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The respiratory tract is known to harbor a microbial community including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. New techniques contribute enormously to the identification of unknown or culture-independent species and reveal the interaction of the community with the host immune system. The existing respiratory microbiome and substantial equilibrium of the transplanted microbiome from donor lung grafts provide an extreme bloom of dynamic changes in the microenvironment in lung transplantation (LT) recipients. Dysbiosis in grafts are not only related to the modified microbial components but also involve the kinetics of the host-graft \"talk,\" which signifies the destination of graft allograft injury, acute rejection, infection, and chronic allograft dysfunction development in short- and long-term survival. Microbiome-derived factors may contribute to lung xenograft survival when using genetically multimodified pig-derived organs. Here, we review the most advanced knowledge of the dynamics and resilience of microbial communities in transplanted lungs with various pretransplant indications. Conceptual and analytical points of view have been illustrated along the time series, gaining insight into the microbiome and lung grafts. Future endeavors on precise tools, sophisticated models, and novel targeted regimens are needed to improve the long-term survival in these patients.
摘要：
众所周知，呼吸道含有包括细菌在内的微生物群落，病毒,和真菌。新技术对鉴定未知或与培养无关的物种做出了巨大贡献，并揭示了群落与宿主免疫系统的相互作用。现有的呼吸道微生物组和来自供体肺移植物的移植微生物组的基本平衡提供了肺移植（LT）受体中微环境动态变化的极端爆发。移植物中的菌群失调不仅与修饰的微生物成分有关，而且还涉及宿主移植物的动力学。“这标志着移植物移植损伤的目的地，急性排斥反应,感染,和长期生存的慢性同种异体移植功能障碍发展。当使用基因修饰的猪来源的器官时，微生物组来源的因子可能有助于肺异种移植物的存活。这里,我们回顾了各种移植前适应症的移植肺中微生物群落的动力学和弹性的最先进的知识。概念和分析观点已经沿着时间序列进行了说明，深入了解微生物组和肺移植物。未来在精密工具上的努力，复杂的模型，需要新的靶向治疗方案来改善这些患者的长期生存率.
